油菜根肿病在湖北省的发生分布及其引起的油菜产量损失评估(英文)

[目的]明确油菜根肿病在湖北省的发生范围和病害引起的油菜产量损失。[方法]2009-2011年间取样调查了我省沙洋县、当阳市、枝江市、宜都市和长阳县的根肿病的发生情况,通过盆栽接种试验和PCR分子检测确定根肿病。测量病区油菜根肿病的发病率,产量组成因子和小区产量,与健康区比较,评估根肿病引起的油菜产量损失。[结果]在枝江市和当阳市发现并确诊了油菜根肿病,沙洋和宜都没有发现油菜根肿病,而长阳县的根肿病主要发生在十字花科蔬菜上。发生根肿病后,油菜植株的一次有效分枝数、单株有效角果数、每角粒数和千粒重显著下降,产量损失达56.4%。[结论]湖北省油菜根肿病主要分布于枝江市和当阳市。病害的发生对油菜生长和产量造成较大影响。

Distribution of Rapeseed Clubroot Disease in Hubei Province and Evaluation of Yield Loss

[Objective] The aim of this study was to reveal the distribution of rapeseed clubroot disease in Hubei Province and to assess the yield loss caused by the pathogen,Plasmodiophora brassicae.[Method] Field surveys were conducted in Shayang,Dangyang,Zhijiang,Yidu and Changyang of Hubei Province during 2009-2011.Clubroot disease of rapeseed samples from the surveyed locations were confirmed by PCR detection and plants infection experiment.The factors of yield and plot yields influenced by clubroot disease were determined in plot experiment.[Result] Rapeseed clubroots were confirmed in Zhijiang and Dangyang and not found in Shayang and Yidu.Clubroot was found in cruciferous vegetables but not in rapeseed d in Changyang.Infection of P.brassicae significantly decreased of the first effective branch numbers of rapeseed,effective pod number per plant,seed number per pod and 1 000-grain weight.Yield of infected rapeseed decreased by 56.4% over non-infected control.[Conclusion] Rapeseed clubroot disease mainly distributed in Zhijiang and Dangyang of Hubei Province.The disease had an economic impact on rapeseed production.