利用放线菌固态发酵生产农用抗生素的初步研究

采用杯碟法研究了4株拮抗性放线菌固态和液态发酵产物对辣椒疫霉病菌(Phytophthoracapsici)、金黄色葡萄球菌(Staphylococcusaureaus)、埃希氏大肠杆菌(Escherichiacoli)及青霉(Penicillium)4株供试靶标菌的抑菌活性。结果表明,利用放线菌固态发酵生产农用抗生素的思路是可行的。供试的04,07和08号3株放线菌大米固态发酵产物与黄豆粉液态发酵产物对靶标菌金黄色葡萄球菌(Staphylococcusaureaus)的相对抑菌环宽度分别为4.0mm/g与0.7mm/mL,对埃希氏大肠杆菌(Escherichiacoli)的相对抑菌环宽度分别为5.2mm/g与1.1mm/mL,供试菌固态发酵抗生素活性远大于液态发酵,表明通过固态发酵提高抗生素得率的设想在微生物合成阶段是可以实现的。同时还发现,固态与液态两种发酵模式对某些抗生素的合成有极显著影响。

A preliminary exploration of producing farm-antibiotics by solid-state fermentation with actinomycetes

In this experiment,the antimicrobial activity of solid-state fermentation (SSF) and liquid-state fermentation (LSF) products of 4 strains antagonism actinomycetes,against Staphylococcus aureaus,Escherichia coli,Penicillium and Phytophthora capsici were investigated by cylinder-plate method.The result showed that the intention that actinomycetes could produce agricultural antibiotic by SSF was feasible.Relative width of antimicrobial cycle of 3 strains,No.04,No.07 and No.08 against Staphylococcus aureaus and Escherichia coli of extracts from rice in 3 strains under SSF were 4.0 mm/g and 5.2 mm/g.Meanwile,relative width of antimicrobial cycle against Staphylococcus aureaus and Escherichia coli of extracts from soybean meal in 3 strains under LSF were 0.7 mm/mL and 1.1 mm/mL.Hence,in the process of SSF,the antimicrobial activity of the strains above was far bigger than that of LSF.It suggested that,at the stage of biosynthesis,it was possible to increase unit yield of antibiotics by SSF.Also there was significant effect on the biosynthesis of certain antibiotics between the mode of SSF and LSF.