种植密度对烤烟叶片光合特性·叶绿素荧光特性及产质量的影响

[目的]探索合理的烤烟群体结构。[方法]在田间试验条件下,以烤烟品种龙江911为材料,研究种植密度对烤烟叶片光合特性、叶绿素荧光特性及产质量的影响。[结果]种植密度与净光合速率、单叶重呈显著负相关。随着种植密度的降低,烤烟叶片的气孔导度、光下最大荧光、实际光化学效率升高。种植密度为17 175株/hm2时的蒸腾速率、水分利用效率较高。种植密度为15 150株/hm2时的单叶重虽然最高,但上中等烟率降低了5.11~10.58个百分点,均价降低了0.88~0.99元/kg,产量降低了342~453 kg/hm2,产值下降了8 166~9 273元/hm2。种植密度为19 350株/hm2时的上等烟率、橘色烟率、产量和产值较高。[结论]降低种植密度可提高烤烟叶片的净光合速率和单叶重,但种植密度过低将降低烤烟的产质量。

Effects of Planting Density on the Photosynthetic Characteristics,the Chlorophyll Fluorescence,the Yield and Quality of Flue-cured Tobacco

[Objective] The aim was to explore the reasonable group construction of flue-cured tobacco.[Method] Taking the Longjiang 911 as the testing object,a field experiment was conducted to study the influence of different plant densities on the leaf photosynthetic characteristics,the chlorophyll fluorescence,the yield and quality of flue-cured tobacco.[Result] The single leaf weight and net photosynthetic rate are significant negative correlation with the plant densities.With reduction of the plant density,the stomata1 conductance of leaf of flue-cured tobacco,the maximal fluorescence in the light,and photochemical efficiency of PS Ⅱ in the light increased correspondingly.Under the plant density of 17 175 plants per hectare,the leaf transpiration rate and water use efficiency were the best.When the plant density was 15 150 plants per hectare,the single leaf weight was the highest,but the superior and secondary leaves rate decreased 5.11％-10.58％,the average price reduced 0.88-0.99 CNY per kg,the yield went down 342-453 kg per hectare,and the production value lessened 8 166-9 273 CNY per hectare.Under the plant density of 19 350 plants per hectare,the superior leaves rate,the orange leaves rate,the yield and production value was superior.[Conclusion] It testifies that the net photosynthetic rate and single leaf weight increases with the decrease of planting density,while the yield and quality of flue-cured tobacco will be reduced if the planting density is too low.