甘草单胞锈菌的孢子阶段、生活史及防治研究

甘草单胞锈病是新疆南北地区甘草栽培中一种毁灭性病害。1987—1989年在田间和室内对甘草单胞锈菌〔Uromyces glycyrrhizae(Rabenh.)Magn.〕的孢子阶段、生活史和防治进行了研究。结果表明,本菌为单主全孢型锈菌,能在甘草生长期产生5种不同的孢子。人工接种证实本菌的夏、冬(担)孢子能于冬前发芽侵染甘草根蘖芽,潜伏越冬,于次春出现夏孢子型、性(锈)子器型和混生型3种不同的系统侵染病株,成为当年发病的初侵染源。夏孢子于生长季节重复侵染叶部、茎梢和根蘖芽、腋芽,产生局部和系统侵染,造成毁灭性为害。

STUDIES ON THE SPORE STAGES,LIFE CYCLE AND CONTROL OF LICORICE RUST

Licorice rust is a destructive disease on cultivated areas in Xin-jiang.In 1987-1989,the spore stages,life cycle and control of Uromy-ccs glycyrrhizae were observed and studied in fields and the laboratory.The results indicated that the pathogen was an autoecious,completelife-cycle rust fungus producing pycnia,aecia,uredia and telia on thelicorice plant,Artificial inoculation revealed that under favorable en-vironmental conditions the urediospores and basidiospores formed fromteliaspores infected the crown tillers of licorice plants before winterand overwintered in them.From the infected tillers of the crown weregrown diseased plants of three different systemic infection symptomsi.e.the symptoms of uredial state,pycnial(aecial)state and the mixedstate,in next spring.They are main sources of primary inoculum infields.Secondary infection and aggressive development of the uredio-spore which infects leaves,and the axillary buds or tillers producessystemic symptom may frequently cause serious damage of licorice.Theintegrated control measures are recommended in this paper.