玉米秸秆作为生态厕所基质处理人粪便的研究

利用日本科学技术振兴机构赠送的S-15型生态厕所,分别用两种粒径的玉米秸秆作为反应基质来处理人粪便,旨在研究玉米秸秆能否代替木屑作为生态厕所的反应基质。实验过程中,对粪便和玉米秸秆混合物的减量化情况、物理性状的变化以及温度、湿度、pH值、有机质、N、P、K等营养元素和碳氮比的变化情况进行了监测。结果表明,玉米秸秆能够代替木屑作为生态厕所的反应基质,两种粒径的玉米秸秆均能作为生态厕所的反应基质处理粪便,大粒径的干重减少率为52.1%,小粒径的干重减少率37.3%。最终残余物的pH值分别为8.13和8.02,C/N分别为15.68和13.76,残余物中含有大量的N、P、K等营养物质,可以作为有机肥。

The Decomposition of Human Feces by Bio-toilet Using Cornstalk as Matrix

S-15 bio-toilet is a kind of non-flush ecological toilet, which constructs a rectangular pond under the toilet bowl filled in cornstalk as a matrix, and performs based on the fermentation of aerobic microorganism to convert feces into water, carbon dioxide and dry organic fertilizer. By using the S-15 bio-toilet presented by Japan Science and Technology Agency, and the cornstalk of two different sizes as matrix, the treatment of human feces was researched. At the beginning, 4 kg cornstalk was put into the bio-toilet, and added about 0.72 kg feces everyday. The respond ended when the dry material weight no longer reduced. In order to study whether cornstalk can replace sawdust as matrix of the bio-toilet, the changes in temperature, water content, pH, organic matter, N, P, K and the ratio of C/N were investigated in the experiment. The results showed that the two size cornstalk could be used as matrix in the bio-toilet. The degradation rate of big size cornstalk as matrix was higher than that of small size cornstalk, and the dry weight reduction rate of the mixture was 52.1% and 37.3% respectively. The final pH values were 8.13 and 8.02 respectively. The ratios of C/N were 15.68 and 13.76 respectively. In addition, the residues all contained plenty of N, P, K and can be used as organic fertilizer.