赤眼蜂体外培育研究(一):培养液初筛及体外培育中的一些问题

三年来的(1975—1978)试验证明,赤眼蜂能在多种培养液制成的人工腊卵上产卵并发育,同时还筛选出十余种体外培育赤眼蜂的培养液配方,可使赤眼蜂完成全世代发育,羽化出蜂,子蜂具生活力。并用优选法选出最优配比(柞蚕蛹血淋巴43.1%,鸡蛋黄34.48%,无机混合盐13.79%,猪血清8.62%及蓖麻蚕蛹血淋巴31.75%,牛奶31.75%,鸡蛋黄23.81%,无机混合盐12.70%)。试验证明用悬滴法培育出赤眼蜂的历期与在自然寄主卵中发育所需的历期相仿,而人造腊卵必须在自裂或被挑破以改善通气条件后始可培育出蜂,但发育历期显著延长。

REARING OF THE TRICHOGRAMMA DENDROLIMI IN ARTIFICIAL DIETS

Trichogrammatid wasps,especially Trichogromma dendrolimi are widely usedin China to control the agricultural,horticultural and forestry pests.Eggs of Philosamia cynthia ricini,Antheraea pernyi and Corecyra cephalonica have been used as hosts for mass rearing this parasite.However,the full potential of rearing and releasing Trichogramma has always been limited by the number of host eggs available.Development of an artificial host and diet for this parasite would work greatly.We have studied this problem since 1975.In our tests,the wasps oviposited viable eggs and developed in artificial wax-vaseline capsules with semi-synthetic culture media of which more than 10 formulations were found to bepromising.However the percentage of emergence was very low.When the eggs of Trichogramma were dissected from the wax-vaseline artificial eggs and reared in vitro on the culture media as "hanging drops",they could develope normally to adults.The life cycle of Trichogramma reared in vitro was the same as that in the eggs of oak silkworm or eri-silkworm.The percentage of females of fhe first generation adults was 71-100%;and they all oviposited viable eggs.Approximately 25-79% of the adults reared in vitro in different media could fully expand theirwings.The best culture medium in our studies was haemolymph plasma from oak silkworm (or eri-silkworm) pupae (2 parts):milk (2 parts):yolk (1.5 parts):Nei-senheimer''s salt solution (0.8 part).