Lancaster群体改良自交系株型性状的配合力分析

采用不完全双列杂交，分析8个含有Lancaster血缘的自交系与4大类群代表系中5个自交系的一般配合力(GCA)和特殊配合力(SCA)。结果表明：株高、穗位高、茎直径、雄穗长、雄穗分枝的GCA和SCA方差均达极显著水平；一般配合力及小区产量较高的自交系有N305、N575、N583、吉853、丹340、丹988；N575×丹340的总配合力效应值最高，是最好的杂交组合。在供试的8个自交系中，N575、N583、N305与各父本所配杂交组合产量较高，是比较理想的自交系。株型性状间的相关分析表明，株高与穗位高、雄穗长度有较大的正相关，穗位高与茎直径相关性较大。

Analysis on Combining Ability of the Plant-type Characters of Improved Lancaster Inbred Lines

In this study, GCA(general combining ability) and SCA(special combining ability) of 8 improved Lancaster maize lines and 4 widely used inbreds in China were analyzed in a diallel cross experiment. The results showed that the variances of general combining ability(GCA) and special combining ability(SCA) of plant height, ear height, stem diameter, tassel main axis length and tassel branch number were significant at P < 0.01 level. The inbred lines N305, N575, N583, Ji853, Dan340 and Dan988 had higher grain yield. The total combining ability of N575 × Dan340 was the highest, thus was the best cross. Lines N575, N583 and N305 were better inbred lines compared with other inbred lines tested, and the grain yields of any cross between paternals were higher. Correlation analysis of plant-type characters indicated that the plant height was significantly positively correlated with the ear height and the tassel main axis length, and the ear height had greater relevance to the stem diameter.