岩溶土壤硼镉交互作用对花生影响

提高岩溶区花生的产量和品质，不能忽视岩溶区的土壤低硼高镉问题。此文设计了二因素四水平[硼：0（空白）、0.25（低）、0.5（中）、1 mg/kg（高），镉：0（空白）、1（低）、5（中）、10 mg/kg（高）]完全控制的花生盆栽试验，通过硼镉交互作用效应和硼对镉作用类型分析等方法，主要探讨添加硼对不同镉条件下花生生物量、镉含量、含油率和酚类物质含量的作用。结果标明：（1）硼镉交互作用效应，对仁产量（低镉）、镉含量和含油率以刺激作用为主；对仁产量（中高镉）和酚类物质含量以抑制作用为主。（2）硼对镉作用类型，对仁干重（高镉），非食用部分（低中镉）和食用部分（低镉）镉含量主要为协同作用；对仁干重（低镉），总鲜重（高镉），非食用部分（高镉）和食用部分（中高镉）镉含量，含油率（低高镉）和酚类物质含量（低硼低镉处理外）主要为拮抗作用。（3）高镉浓度，花生整体水分含量增加。科学施肥、种植和耕作，添加0.25 mg/kg硼，可降低仁镉含量，提高花生产量和品质；同时，利用花生进行植物修复，岩溶土壤低硼高镉问题也可得以解决。

Effect of Interaction Between Boron and Cadmium on Peanut in Karst Soil

In order to enhance yield and quality of peanut, the problem of low B and high Cd in karst soils should be paid attention to. This paper designed a set of pot experiment composed of two factors and four levels, that was, 0 （blank）, 0.25 （low）, 0.5 （middle）, 1 mg/kg （high） for B and 0 （blank）, 1 （low）, 5 （middle）, 10 mg/kg （high） for Cd respectively, mainly discussed were the effects of adding B on peanut ’ s biomass, Cd content, oil content and phenolics content under different Cd concentration by analyzing B-Cd interaction effects and action of B to Cd. The results showed： （1） B-Cd interaction effects were mostly stimulation effect on kernel dry weight （low Cd）, Cd concentration, and oil concentration, but mostly inhibition effect on kernel dry weight （middle and high Cd） and phenolics content. （2） B effect on Cd were mostly synergistic action to kernel dry weight （high Cd）, Cd content of inedible part （low and middle Cd） and edible part （low Cd）, but mostly antagonistic to kernel dry weight （low Cd）, total fresh weight （high Cd）, Cd content of inedible part （high Cd） and edible part （middle and high Cd）, oil concentration （low and high Cd） and phenolics content （except for low B and low Cd dealing）. （3） The water content of total peanut increased under high Cd concentration. Conclusions are drawn as follows： Under scientific fertilization, planting and tillage, adding 0.25 mg/kg B might enhance peanut productions and quality, reduce the cadmium concentration in kernels; at the same time, we might use peanut as a phytoremediation plant to solve the low B and high Cd problems in karst soils.