Exploration of <Emphasis Type="Italic">Vernonia galamensis</Emphasis> in Ethiopia,and Variation in Fatty Acid Composition of Seed Oil |
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Authors: | Email author" target="_blank">Tesfaye?BayeEmail author Heiko?C?Becker |
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Institution: | 1.Institute of Agronomy and Plant Breeding,University of G?ttingen,G?ttingen,Germany;2.Department of Plant Sciences,Alemaya University of Agriculture,Dire Dawa,Ethiopia |
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Abstract: | Vernonia galamensis is a new potential industrial crop with very high content of vernolic acid in the seed oil. The species is known to naturally
grow as a weed in fields or in woodlands under a wide range of agroecological conditions of Africa. In order to study the
existing variability in Ethiopia, germplasm collection was carried out. Vernonia grows wild in various ecosystems. Ten regions were explored from North, South, East, Southeast, Southwest and Central Ethiopia.
A diverse range of habitats having different altitudes and ecological conditions was explored. Altitude of collecting sites
varied between 1250 and 2050 m, and soil pH from 5.1 to 8.5. The most common soil type was sandy loam, and the organic matter
content varied from 0.2% to 12.9%. At 80 sites, about 480 accessions were collected including different maturity time, plant
type, flower color, and branching patterns as well as fatty acid composition. The mean vernolic acid content of the seed oil
of the accessions was 74%, and ranged from 34% to 87%. A wide variability in composition of other fatty acids was observed.
It was not possible to find Vernonia in some locations that were earlier indicated by herbarium specimens collected since 1840. This could be a sign of change
in land use system and environmental degradation and, hence, loss of genetic resources of the species. |
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Keywords: | Ethiopia Fatty acids Germplasm collection New industrial oilseed crop Vernolic acid Vernonia galamensis |
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