森林工程与森林生态系统保护

森林工程体系的基本框架包括木材采伐工程、迹地更新造林工程、抚育采伐工程、低效林改造工程、林内路桥工程和装备系统工程。策划和实施森林工程时应遵循的两个基本原则，一是森林工程活动将森林生态系统保护置于首要位置，二是森林工程工艺系统要与作业区域的生态系统保持一致。由于森林生态系统群落结构及其生态过程决定森林生态系统功能，所以森林工程实施时，森林生态系统群落结构保护要着眼于群落结构的连续性和多样性，生物多样性保护要着眼于目的树种、珍稀濒危物种保护和生境保护，森林生态系统环境保护要着眼于水土流失、土壤和地质性灾害。

Forest Engineering and Protection of Forest Ecological System

The essential framework of forest engineering system includes logging engineering, reforestation engineering, tending felling engineering, improvement engineering for low efficiency stands, road and bridge engineering in forest and equip-ment systems engineering. Two fimdamental principles should be followed in the planning and implementation of forest engineering.Fast one is that it should be placed in the first position to protect the forest ecosystem in forest engineering activities, and second one is that the technological system of forest engineering should be consistent with ecosystem of operation area. As forest ecosystem community structure and ecological process determines the forest ecosystem function, when forest engineering is carried out, the protection of forest ecosystem community structure should focus on the continuity and diversity of the community structure, biodi-versity protection should focus on the concerned tree species, rare and endangered species and ecological habitat, and the protec-tion of forest ecosystem enviromnent should focus on water and soil erosion, the soil and geological disasters.