开放科学中的知识产权问题分析

目的/意义]分析开放科学与知识产权的关系,从宏观的角度梳理开放科学发展现阶段面临的重要知识产权问题,为进一步推进开放科学中相关政策研究与制定提供参考。方法/过程]研究主要采用文献调研、文献计量等方法,对近年来国内外与开放科学、知识产权主题相关的文献进行分析,挖掘开放科学和知识产权的关系,提炼相关知识产权热点问题。结果/结论]开放科学与知识产权之间存在显著矛盾,但这种矛盾并非不可避免,双方应形成良性互动,建立与开放科学相适应的知识产权制度。当前开放科学中的知识产权问题主要集中在著作权与专利权方面,同时如何保障科学发现的优先权,以及数据权设立等也是研究的热点问题。

Analysis of Intellectual Property Problems in Open Science

Purpose/Significance] This study aims to analyze the relationship between open science and intellectual property rights (IPRs) and systematically sort out the main intellectual property problems in open science, so as to provide reference for further promoting the formulation of intellectual property laws and policies in open science. Methods/Process] This paper mainly adopts the methods of literature review and bibliometric analysis. Based on the analysis of the related work on open science and IPRs, we explore the relationship between them and identify the main intellectual property problems and coping strategies in open science. Results/Conclusions] Conflicts exist between open science and IPRs, but the conflicts are not unavoidable. Both sides should get involved in forming a positive interaction atmosphere, and establish the IPR system which can be adapted to open science. Currently, the major problems of IPRs in open science are focused on copyrights and patent rights. Meanwhile, hotspot issues include how to ensure a scientist is given preference if he or she is the first to make scientific discoveries and how to protect data owners' rights.