10种木兰科植物苗期生长表现与抗性评价

为更好地开发利用木兰科种质资源,笔者收集木兰科植物共6属10种,在合肥地区进行播种育苗试验及抗性评价。播种后,定期测量苗期苗高、地径,并对其抗寒性、抗旱性、病虫害、开花结实性状等指标进行观测、比较,筛选适于本地生长的木兰科植物。试验结果表明,乐东拟单性木兰、广玉兰、黄山木兰以及鹅掌楸生长情况较好,红花木莲幼苗长势较差。广玉兰、乐东拟单性木兰抗寒性最好;深山含笑抗寒性最差。10种木兰科植物的幼苗抗病虫害能力较强,少数品种偶见炭疽病和黑斑病发生。供试木兰科落叶树种较常绿树高径比差值大。

10 Species of Magnoliaceae: Seedling Growth Characteristics and Resistance Evaluation

To better utilize the Magnoliaceae germplasm resources, the authors collected 10 species of 6 genera of Magnoliaceae plants, and carried out seeding and resistance evaluation in Hefei area. After sowing, the seedling height and ground diameter were measured regularly, and the cold resistance, drought resistance, pests and diseases, flowering and fruiting traits were observed and compared, and the Magnoliaceae plants suitable for local growth were screened. Results showed that Parakmeria lotungensis, Magnolia grandiflora, Magnolia cylindrica and Liriodendron chinense had better performance, and the growth vigor of Manglietia insignis seedlings was poor. Magnolia grandiflora and Parakmeria lotungensis had the best cold resistance; Michelia maudiae had the worst cold resistance. The 10 species of Magnoliaceae had strong resistance to pests and diseases, and a few species occasionally had anthracnose and black spot disease. The deciduous tree species of Magnoliaceae family had a larger height-to-diameter ratio difference than evergreen trees.