品种、空间布局及种植密度对春玉米冠层结构、物质生产及产量的影响

试验以农华101、先玉335及郑单958为材料,通过空间布局及种植密度塑造不同的冠层结构,分析其对玉米物质生产、转运及产量的影响。结果表明,不同品种的叶面积指数(LAI)及冠层透光率(DIFN)差异显著,以郑单958表现较好,常规种植与簇生种植的LAI差异不显著,冠层透光率以常规种植较好;随着密度增加LAI升高,冠层透光率随之降低。不同品种成熟期干物质生产以先玉335较高,空间布局差异不显著,随密度增加干物质生产能力提高;花后物质生产以先玉335较高,簇生种植高于常规种植,随密度增加花后物质生产能力升高;叶茎转运量以郑单958较大,常规种植转运量较多,随密度增加叶茎转运量提高。品种间产量差异显著,郑单958显著高于其他品种;常规种植与簇生种植产量无显著差异;各密度处理产量差异显著,高密度中密度低密度处理。

Effects of Cultivar, Space Distribution and Planting Density on Plant Canopy, Dry Matter Production and Grain Yield of Spring Maize

With NH101, XY335 and ZD958 as the experimental material. Adjust space distribution and plant density to shape different plant canopy, explicating the effect on dry matter production and transportation, finally to obtain higher grain yield. The results showed that the LAI and DIFN had significant difference, ZD958 had good performance, space distribution had no significant influence to LAI, but to DIFN, one plant in a hole had better DIFN; LAI increased with the increased of planting density, but DIFN contrary. XY335 had higher total dry matter, space distribution had no significant influence to total dry matter, total dry matter increased with the increased of planting density; Dry matter after silking had similar performance with total dry matter except space distribution, clumps had higher dry matter than one plant in a hole; Leaf and stem dry matter transportation had different performance in cultivar, space distribution and planting density; ZD958 had higher transportation than others, one plant in a hole has higher transportation than clumps, Leaf and stem dry matter transportation increased with the increased of planting density. Grain yield had significant difference in cultivar, ZD958 had higher yield than others. Space distribution had no significant influence on grain yield, grain yield increased with the increased of planting density, high density> medium density> low density.