关中地区不同小麦品种幼胚离体培养特性差异比较

以陕西关中地区15个小麦品种为材料,对其幼胚离体培养特性进行了研究,并讨论了不同培养基、不同蔗糖浓度及接种前低温处理时间等对小麦幼胚培养效果的影响。结果表明：（1）不同品种愈伤组织形成速度明显不同且愈伤组织诱导率存在差异;（2）4种不同培养基（MS、C17、N6、W14）中,以MS培养基对愈伤组织诱导效果较好;（3）未成熟种子低温储藏时不易超过3d,时间太长会影响愈伤组织诱导率;（4）蔗糖浓度在6%～9%时,形成的愈伤组织质量较好。

Difference Comparison of Immature Embryo Culture in Vitro of Different Wheat Cultivars in Guanzhong Area

In order to select the optimum genotype for immature embryo culture and gene-transfer acceptor, immature embryos from 15 wheat cultivars in Shanuxi province were in vitro cultured on different mediums, such as MS, C17,N6,W14.In addition, duration of low temperature treatment,different gradients in mediums and different sugar concentration were discussed. It was showed： （1）Rates of callus formation among the cultivars was obviously different;（2）The 4 mediums are important for induction; MS is the better one for embryo culture;（3）The immature seeds kept under 4~C ,no more than 3 days, if longger,will reduce the callus induction frequency;（4）Among the provided sugar concentration, 6% is the best choice. In this concentration, the quality of callus is higher.