5种植物源杀虫剂对淡竹毒蛾幼虫的毒力及林间防治效果

为筛选出有效控制淡竹毒蛾幼虫的药剂，以制定无公害防治淡竹毒蛾决策，2017年在福建省沙县选用5种植物源杀虫剂，对危害方竹林的淡竹毒蛾幼虫进行室内毒力测定和开展林间防治试验。室内毒力测定结果表明：1%苦皮藤素可溶液、4%鱼藤酮乳油、0.5%藜芦碱可溶性液、1.2%烟碱·苦参碱可溶液、1.5%苦参碱可溶液对淡竹毒蛾幼虫的LC₅₀分别为0.973、1.062、1.216、0.482、0.836 mg/L，以1.2%烟碱·苦参碱可溶液剂对淡竹毒蛾幼虫毒性最强，5种不同植物源杀虫剂对淡竹毒蛾幼虫均有杀虫作用。林间防治效果表明：药后3 d，5种植物源杀虫剂的防治效果均为90%以上，以苦参碱类药剂防治效果最好，2种苦参碱类药剂的林间最佳使用浓度均为1 500倍液；1%苦皮藤素可溶液和0.5%藜芦碱可溶性液林间最佳使用浓度为1 000倍液；4%鱼藤酮乳油林间防治最佳使用浓度为1 200倍液。测试的5种不同植物源杀虫剂均对淡竹毒蛾幼虫有良好的杀虫作用，是无公害防治淡竹毒蛾幼虫的有效药剂。

Virulence Determination and Pantana simplex Larvae Control Effect of 5 Kinds of Botanical Insecticides

In order to screen and select the insecticides with best control effect over Pantana simplex larvae for pollution-free P. simplex larvae control, the indoor virulence determination of insecticides and the prevention andcontrol experiments in forests were carried out in 2017 in Shaxian, Fujian Province, with 5 kinds of botanical insecticides over P. simplex larvae. The results of the indoor virulence determination showed that 1% Celangulins solution, 4% rotenone EC, 0.5% veratridine soluble liquid, 1.2% matrine nicotine missible soluble liquid, and matrine 1.5% LC₅₀ solution of P. simplex larvae were 1.27, 1.06, 1.31, 0.482, 0.736 mg/L, respectively. The 5 kinds of botanical insecticides had the insecticidal effect on P. simplex larvae and the 1.2% matrine nicotine missible oil had the strongest toxicity on P. simplex larvae. The control test in forests showed that, 3 d after treatment, the control effect of 5 kinds of botanical insecticides were all above 90%, while the matrine type had the best chemical control effect, and the best concentration of 2 kinds of matrine agents are 1 500 times liquid; the 1 000 times liquid of 1% Celangulins solution and 0.5% veratridine soluble liquid concentration was the best use in the forest; the optimal concentration of 4% EC for best control effect was 1 200 times liquid. The 5 kinds of botanical insecticides tested had good insecticidal activity over P. simplex larvae, and could be used as pollution free and effect insecticides to prevent and control P. simplex larvae.