茶扁叶蝉 Chanohirata theae (Matsumura)的生物学特性

茶扁叶蝉Chanohirata theae(Matsumura)近年来在贵州部分茶园中偶有发生甚或暴发成灾,为了解这一害虫的生物学特性,通过室内饲养和野外调查对其形态特征、生活史、发育历期、生活习性等进行了研究。结果显示:茶扁叶蝉在贵州一年发生2代,第一代发生于4月上旬至9月下旬,第二代发生于7月中旬至翌年5月中旬;若虫共5龄,以5龄若虫在茶树中下部叶片上越冬;发育历期受温度影响明显,温度越高发育速率越快,第一代卵期(23.42d)明显长于第二代(15.73d),相反,第一代若虫历期(56.33d)明显短于第二代(218.28d);成、若虫均喜静伏于叶片正面取食,交配多于白天进行,雌成虫一般由叶片正面将卵产入叶肉组织内;成虫具较强的趋光、趋黄的特性。建议于成虫盛期悬挂黄板或开灯诱杀,于若虫1~2龄盛期施药进行防治。

Biological characteristics of the tea penthimine leafhopper, Chanohirata theae (Matsumura)

In recent years, a tea penthimine leafhopper pest, Chanohirata theae (Matsumura, 1912), has been found in some tea plantations in Guizhou Province. The pest occasionally occurs or even outbreaks in these producing tea gardens. In order to understand the biological characteristics of C. theae, its morphological characteristics, life history, developmental duration, living habit, etc., were investigated by laboratory rearing and field investigation. The results showed that C. theae could occur two generations per year in Guizhou. The first generation occurs from early April to late September, and the second generation occurs from the middle of July to the middle of May in the next year. Nymphs of C. theae has five instars and overwintered on leaves in the middle or bottom of tea trees by the 5th instar. The developmental duration of C. theae is obviously affected by temperatures, which increase significantly with temperature rising. The developmental period of egg of the first generation (23.42 d) is obviously longer than that of the second generation (15.73 d). Conversely, the developmental period of nymphs of the first generation (56.33 d) is obviously shorter than that of the second generation (218.28 d). Both the adults and nymphs of C. theae are fond of feeding and resting on the front of the leaf, natural mating usually happens in the day time, and eggs are generally laid into mesophyll tissue on the front of the leaf. C. theae adults have a strong tendency to light and yellow color. Therefore, using of yellow boards or light insecticidal lamps during the peak time of the adults, as well as application of pesticides during the peak time of the 1st and the 2nd instar nymphs were recommended.