不同诱虫带对苹果树干越冬害虫的诱集效果和应用技术

为明确不同材料诱虫带对苹果园树干越冬害虫的诱集效果及适宜的绑扎时间、绑扎部位，本研究采用瓦楞纸、聚乙烯珍珠棉、布条等3种诱虫带进行了苹果树干越冬害虫的诱集试验。结果表明，3种诱虫带在苹果树干上共诱集到5目9科的越冬害虫，主要类群为蛾类、螨类、蝽类、象甲、叶蝉等。瓦楞纸诱虫带诱集鳞翅目蛾类幼虫和山楂叶螨的平均诱捕量分别为7.95和11.15头/株，显著高于聚乙烯珍珠棉和布条诱虫带；9月上旬绑扎的瓦楞纸诱虫带诱集数量最多，分别为8.25和12.25头/株；同时，距离苹果第一分枝处越近，诱集数量越多。在诱集茶翅蝽和大灰象甲方面，3种诱虫带之间以及不同绑扎时间和绑扎部位之间均无显著差异。因此苹果树干越冬害虫可通过绑扎瓦楞纸诱虫带诱集，绑扎适期为9月上旬，且距离苹果第一分枝越近诱集效果越好。

Test and Application of Insect-trapping Belts for the Pests Overwintering on Apple Tree Trunks

To determine the trapping effects of different insect-trapping belts for the pests overwintering on apple tree trunk, the timing and sites of insect-trapping belts made from corrugated paper, polyethylene pearl cotton, or cloth strip were tested in apple orchards in 2016. Results showed that the three belts trapped insects of 9 families in 5 orders. The predominant categories were moth, mites, bugs, weevils, leafhoppers, among the others. The corrugated paper belts set in late August trapped 7.95 lepidopteran larvae and 11.15 Tetranychus viennensis per tree, which were both significantly higher than the other two belts. The corrugated paper belts set in early September trapped the highest numbers of lepidopteran larvae and T. viennensis (8.25 and 12.25 per tree, respectively). The distance of the belts to the first apple tree branch had obvious influence on trap catches, the belts near the first branch showing high catches. In contrast, the three belts showed no significant differences in trap catches of Halyomorpha picus and Sympiezomias velatus with regard to the timing and sites of set-up. Therefore, for a higher trapping of the overwintering pests on apple tree trunk, we recommend that the corrugated paper insect-trapping belts be set up near the first branch of apple tree in early September.