金荞麦的潜在分布区及生态特征

为了解我国金荞麦Fagopyrum dibtrys(D.Don)Hara的潜在分布区及生态特征,基于38个环境因子以及金荞麦在我国的153个地理分布记录,应用最大熵模型(MaxEnt)与地理信息系统(GIS)对金荞麦进行生态适宜性区划,并采用自然间断法对金荞麦的潜在区域进行划分。结果显示,金荞麦的潜在分布区主要位于我国西南地区东部、华中地区、华东地区和华南地区(22 N°~35N°),总面积约为250.99×10~4km~2;将金荞麦的潜在分布区划分为适生区、低适生区与边缘适生区,其中适生区主要集中在长江流域,总面积为88.00×10~4km~2。影响金荞麦地理分布的主要生态因子有最冷月最低温、最暖季降水量、高程、最干季降水量等9个因子,其中气候因子对金荞麦的地理分布影响最大。表明金荞麦应在云南、贵州、四川等省扩大种植面积,陕西、山西等省可考虑引种。

Potential distribution area and ecological characteristics of common buckwheat Fagopyrum dibtrys (D. Don) Hara

To determine the potential distribution areas and establish new climatic evaluation criteria for common buckwheat Fagopyrum dibtrys (D. Don) Hara in China, maximum entropy model (MaxEnt) and geographic information system (GIS) were used to predict the potential regions based on 38 ecological factors and 153 sample points. The results showed that the potential adaptive regions were mainly in the east of southwestern China, central China, eastern China and southern China (N 22°-35°) with an area of 250.99×10⁴ km², divided into suitable region, lowly suitable region and marginally suitable region based on Natural Breaks. The suitable regions were mainly in the Yangtze River basin with a total area of 88.00×10⁴ km². The ecological factors affecting the distribution of F. dibtrys were temperature of coldest month, precipitation of warmest quarter, altitude, precipitation of driest quarter and so on, among which the climate factors played the most important role. The results indicated that F. dibtrys could be expanded in Yunnan, Guizhou, Sichuan provinces and so on, and introduced to Shaanxi, Shanxi provinces and so on.