防治草莓炭疽病的芽胞杆菌组合的筛选

为开发防治草莓炭疽病的复合菌剂，比较了5株芽胞杆菌（菌株CM3、Y-48、Lh-1、Y-30和Y-9）在不同的组合方式和比例下对草莓炭疽菌Colletotrichum thebromicoia的抑制作用，筛选出抑菌效果的最佳的组合并通过盆栽防治试验测定其防治效果。抑菌试验表明，由巨大芽胞杆菌Y-30和解淀粉芽胞杆菌CM3按照2：1配比而成的组合抑菌率达到59.46%，比菌株Y-48的抑菌率高出13.86%（单菌株中抑菌率最高的菌株，抑菌率为52.22%），比单菌株Y-30和CM3分别提高72.65%和25.22%。盆栽试验证实，复合菌处理对于草莓炭疽病的防治效果为68.69%，比化学药剂的防治效果提高了23.63%；同时，复合菌处理还有效的促进了草莓的生长，草莓株高、叶片面积、根鲜重以及茎叶鲜重都有显著提高。本试验为复合菌剂应用于草莓炭疽病的生物防治提供了依据。

Screening of the Combinations of Bacillus Strains against Strawberry Anthracnose

To develop complex microbial agents against strawberry anthracnose, we compared the inhibitory effects of five Bacillus strains (strain CM3, Y-48, Lh-1, Y-30 and Y-9) on Colletotrichum thebromicoia with different combinations and proportions and identified the best combination. By using the pot culture experiment, we measured their control effects. Bacteriostasis experiment showed that the combination which was composed of Bacillus megaterium Y-30 and Bacillus amyloliquefaciens CM3 with the ratio of 2:1 had the highest inhibition rate of 59.46%, 13.86% higher than that of single strain Y-48 with the highest inhibition rate of 52.22% among the single strains, 72.65% higher than that of single strain Y-30 and 25.22% higher than that of single CM3, respectively. Pot experiments demonstrated that the control efficacy of this combination on strawberry anthracnose was 68.69%, 23.63% higher than that of chemical agents. Furthermore, this combination effectively promoted the growth of strawberry. The strawberry height, leaf area, fresh weight of root and stem were increased significantly. Taken together, this study provided an experimental basis for the application of complex microbial agent to the biological control of strawberry anthracnose.