番木瓜环斑病毒山东分离物的全基因组序列分析

Papaya ringspot virus (PRSV) is a major limiting factor to cucurbit production worldwide. One zucchini sample showing symptoms of leaf mosaic and fruit ringspot was collected from Ji’nan city of Shandong province. Primary experiments showed that the sample was infected with PRSV, which was designated as PRSV-SD accordingly. The complete genomic fragment of PRSV-SD was obtained with RT-PCR. The results of sequencing showed that the full genomic sequence of PRSV-SD was 1 0337 nucleotides (nt) excluding the 3′- terminal poly (A) tail. The 5′- and 3′-untranslated regions (UTR) were 90 and 206 nt, respectively. The putative polyprotein was 3 346 amino acids in length. Comparison of the PRSV-SD isolate with 18 other PRSV isolates revealed that they shared nucleotide identities of 82.1%~89.3% at the complete genomic levels and amino acid identities of 90.6%~94.7% for the polyprotein. No recombination was detected throughout the genome of PRSV-SD. Phylogenetic analysis with complete genomic sequences indicated that the PRSV isolates were clustered into two major groups: Asia and America and PRSV-SD was clustered to the Asia group. Selection pressure analysis revealed that all of the 11 proteins of PRSV-SD were under negative selection, but positive selection sites were detected in P1, P3, 6K1, NIa-pro and NIb. Our research results provide a theoretical foundation for the detection and prevention of PRSV. Key words:Papaya ringspot virus; complete genomic sequence; phylogenetic analysis; selection pressure; recombination 中图分类号:S436.429; Q939.46 文献标识码:A 文章编号:0412-0914(2018)02-0285-04 番木瓜环斑病毒(Papaya ringspot virus,PRSV)属于马铃薯Y病毒科(Potyviridae)马铃薯Y病毒属(Potyvirus)^1]。根据寄主范围可划分为P和W 2个株系,其中P株系侵染番木瓜(Carica papaya L.)和葫芦科(Cucurbitaceae)作物,而W株系只侵染葫芦科作物,两者血清学反应密切相关。PRSV可引起植株叶片褪绿、花叶、卷曲等症状,在果实表面形成环斑。 PRSV于20世纪40年代末在美国首次报道,目前该病毒在巴西、印度、波兰等国均有发生^2]。2000~2001年,PRSV使我国海南番木瓜损失严重。2005年以来,我国广东、四川先后检测到PRSV侵染罗汉果、苦瓜等葫芦科作物^3]。2016年从山东西葫芦上检测到PRSV,该分离物属于W株系^4]。我国关于PRSV进化的研究大多集中于P株系,有关W株系全基因组序列分析的报道相对较少。为了进一步研究我国PRSV-W株系的基因组特性,为PRSV的监测预警提供依据,我们测定了PRSV山东分离物的全基因组序列,并进行了核苷酸和氨基酸序列一致率、重组、系统发育和基因选择压力分析。 2期黄显德,等:番木瓜环斑病毒山东分离物的全基因组序列分析 植物病理学报48卷 1 材料与方法 1.1 材料 发病西葫芦样品采自山东省济阳县。大肠杆菌DH5α由本实验室保存。植物总RNA提取试剂盒TRIzol、DNA凝胶回收试剂盒等均购自北京全式金公司;Taq DNA聚合酶、 pMD18-T克隆载体等购自TaKaRa公司;SuperScript^TM Ⅳ逆转录酶购自Invitrogen公司。其他生化试剂及普通化学试剂均为进口或国产分析纯。 1.2 实验方法 1.2.1 扩增策略及引物合成 根据GenBank中PRSV基因组序列,设计引物分4段扩增基因组序列。根据所得序列设计5′-RACE引物扩增5′-端片段。测序后用SeqMan拼接得到全基因组序列。所用引物详见表1。 1.2.2 植物总RNA提取及RT-PCR扩增 按照RNA提取试剂盒说明书进行植物总RNA提取。以总RNA为模板,用随机引物反转录合成cDNA。通过4次PCR和5′-RACE扩增PRSV-SD基因组片段。 1.2.3 克隆及序列测定 电泳分离PCR产物,切胶回收后连接到pMD18-T载体上,转化E. coli DH5α感受态细胞,挑选阳性克隆进行核苷酸测序。

Complete genomic sequence analysis of a Papaya ringspot virus isolate from Shandong province of China