企业密集区土壤主要污染物的空间分布及其预测性初步探讨

用克里格空间插值方法研究了城乡民营企业密集区土壤中Cu、Pb、Zn、Cd、Ni、Cr、Hg、As和多氯联苯(PCBs)等9种污染物的空间分布特征,对比该区的企业布局,初步探讨了企业布局对土壤污染物浓度预测的可行性.结果表明,该区污染物的高浓度区主要分布在废旧拆解园区周边地区和小冶炼集中地带,且存在多污染物的复合污染.当在约1 km2 的范围内有金属类生产企业、电机生产企业或(和)电线电缆生产企业存在时,土壤中可能有Cu和Pb积累.电机、电线电缆和(或)自动喷雾器生产企业的密集分布可能出现土壤中Pb的累积.而金属类生产企业的空间布局与土壤中Cd、Ni和Cr的浓度间存在显著的相关关系.汽摩配生产企业和金属配件生产企业可能分别会带来土壤As和PCBs积累.

Spatial distribution characteristic and forecast of soil pollutions in enterprise-intensive area

The spatial distribution characteristic of Cu, Pb, Zn, Cd, Ni, Cr, Hg, As and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) were studied and the possibility of forecasting the state of contamination with the distribution of enterprise was discussed in a typical enterprise-intensive area. The results indicated that compound pollution with heavy metals, PCBs in the dismantling electronic wastes and small scale smelting exist in the studied area. The enterprises producing metal products, power engines, wires and cables increased the concentrations of Cu and Pb in within a 1 km2 peripheral soil. The enterprises making power engines, producing wires and cables could lead to Pb accumulation in soil. There were significant correlations between the concentrations of Cd, Ni, Cr and the spatial distribution of the enterprises producing metals. And the enterprises producing mobile and metal accessories could cause the accumulations of As and PCBs respectively.