小麦胚乳A、B型淀粉粒分离纯化方法研究

为了能够准确研究小麦籽粒胚乳中A、B型淀粉粒的形成机理、化学组分及理化特性，对前人分离提纯A、B型淀粉粒的方法进行改进，提出了适于小麦A、B型淀粉粒分离提纯的常量法和微量法。用4个不同淀粉含量类型的小麦品种籽粒对此方法进行验证，结果表明4个品种A、B型淀粉粒在常量法中的分离纯度分别达到79.46%~85.23%和90.27%~96.43%，在微量法中的分离纯度分别达到92.68%~96.70%和96.48%~99.00%。在常量法和微量法中，A型淀粉粒的分离纯度与品种淀粉含量成正相关， B型淀粉粒分离纯度与品种淀粉含量成负相关；而A、B型淀粉粒在两种方法中的分离产率与品种淀粉含量没有显著关系。

Isolation and Purification of A type and B type Starch Granule in Wheat Endosperm

Wheat endosperm contains two types of starch granules, large and small type starch granules. Large starch granule was called A-type granule with diameter more than 10 μm whereas small one was regarded as B-type granule with diameter less than 10 μm. Besides, A-type was disc- or lenticular-shaped and B-type was spherical or polygonal morphology. In order to accurately figure out the mechanism of wheat starch granule formation, chemical composition, physical and chemical properties, a suit of methods towards isolation and purification of A-type and B-type granules were studied to improve primary scholars' research methods. This method achieved significant effects under macromethod and reached very significant effects under micromethod through the tests to four different quality wheat cultivars. The results showed that the purity quotient of A-type granule was positive correlated with starch content in wheat, while the purity quotient of B-type granule was negative correlated with starch content, and the ratio of either type granule was hardly interrelated with wheat starch contents.