南疆超高产棉花源库特征研究

目的]在南疆自然生态条件下,研究超高产棉花源库指标,阐明超高产棉花产量形成机理,为新疆棉花高产优质栽培提供理论依据.方法]以中棉所49号为供试材料,采用大田调查方式,对不同皮棉产量水平(超高产:皮棉3 000 kg/hm2以上;高产:皮棉2 225～3 000 kg/hm2;中低产:皮棉2 225 kg/hm2以下)产量构成因素、LAI、干物质积累、叶片SPAD值、"三桃"比例及叶面积载荷量等源库指标进行调查研究.结果]棉花产量构成因素中群体成铃数对棉花产量贡献率最大(r=0.997**),超高产棉花生育前期LAI增长速率高于高产、中低产田,峰值大且出现较早.而前期LAI的快速增长提高了伏前桃、伏桃比例,同时也促进了中后期光合产物向库器官积累.结论]超高产棉花叶源生育前期增长较快,峰值大且中后期保持较高水平,增源扩库是超高产棉花产量形成的主要途径.

A Study on Source-sink Characters of Super High-yielding Cotton in South Xinjiang

【Objective】The aim of this paper is to study the source-sink characters of 3 000 kg/hm2 lint yield under natural ecology in south Xinjiang.【Method】Using Zhongmian No.49 as test materials,analyses super high-yielding cotton of yield compenent factor,LAI,SPAD value of leaf,the number and ratio of bolls,and sink capacity load of unit leaf area.【Result】 The result indicated that the harvestable bolls were most contribution rate(0.997**),effect of the rate of pre-reproductive cotton LAI growth on the number and ratio of bolls,LAI of super high-yielding cotton were investigated.LAI of super hiA Study on Source-sink Characters of Super High-yielding cotton has grown faster than that of high yield cotton,mid-low yield cotton..【Conclusion】Leaf source were increased faster in early growth duration of super high-yielding cotton,so peak value was big and kept high level at middle and later stage,increasing source and enlarging sink were main channel of super high-yield cotton.