中国土壤保护宏观战略思考

从国家宏观层面和长远观点研究我国土壤保护战略问题,对持续利用和保护土壤资源,改善土壤环境质量,保障农业生产与食物质量安全具有重大的现实意义和历史意义。本文在分析国内外土壤保护的进展和发展趋势的基础上,找出了我国土壤保护工作的不足及其与国外的差距,提出了在我国土壤资源与环境保护宏观战略研究中急需解决的如下一些关键问题:(1)目前我国土壤保护上存在的主要问题;(2)我国土壤保护的指导思想和思路(即宏观战略),包括战略思想、战略方针、战略目标、战略任务及战略重点;(3)我国土壤保护战略的实施对策,包括土壤保护的管理对策、土壤保护的标准对策、土壤保护的科技对策、区域性土壤保护对策以及重要类型土壤的环境保护和修复对策。为制定和实施国家土壤保护战略规划提供参考。

Strategic thinking on soil protection in China

Research on Chinas soil protection strategy from state macroscopic and long term perspectives is of great significance for sustainable use and protection of soil resources, improvement of soil environmental quality, and ensuring agricultural production and food safety. Based on analysis of advancement and development trends of soil protection at home and abroad, this paper identifies some shortcomings in soil protection in China and gaps as compared to systems in place in developed countries and raises the key issues in the macro-strategy research on soil resources and the environment. These issues include (1) major problems of current soil protection in China; (2) guiding ideology and theory (namely macro strategy) of soil protection in China, comprising strategic concepts, guidance, objectives, missions and emphasis; (3) countermeasures in the soil protection strategy in China, consisting of management, standards, science and technology, regional soil protection, environmental protection and remediation of major soil types. This paper provides a useful reference for establishing and implementing strategic planning of soil protection in China.