河北省冬小麦种子表面粘附真菌的分离鉴定

从唐山、秦皇岛等5个地区收集45个冬小麦品种（系），通过洗涤检验法和吸水纸培养检验法，在供试的45个冬小麦品种种子表面分离到9个属真菌。分别为；链格孢属的细链格孢菌（Alterndrid tenuis Nees）和小麦链格孢菌（A.triticold Prasada）、丹尼链格孢菌（A.dennisii M.B.Ellis）；离蠕孢属的小麦根腐离蠕孢菌9Bipoldris Sorokinidnd Shoem.）；镰刀菌属的禾谷镰刀菌（Fusdrtum grdminedrdm）和尖孢镰刀菌（F.oxysporum）；弯孢霉属（Curvularia）；突脐孢属（Exserohilum）；德氏霉属的小麦穗氏霉菌（Drechslerd tritici-repentis Shoemaker）；茎点霉属的勒韦茎点霉菌（Phomd leveillet Boerema）；哈氏霉属的顶孢哈氏霉菌（Hdrzia acremonioides Harz.）；侧隔霉属（Pleurophraium）。其中Alternaria分离频率最高，达58.06%，其次是Bipolaris和Fusarium，分别为22.11%和7.44%，对分离得到的各种孢子进行萌发率测定结果表明，离蠕孢属（Bipolaris）孢子萌发率最高，有6种真菌对小麦具有致病性。

Separation and Identification of Seed Surface Carrier Fungus in Winter Wheat from HeBei Province

winter wheat varieties were collected from the 5 regions such as Tangshan Qinghuangdao and so on, by washing and culturing on the paper soaking wader, 9 genus fungus have been separation from the seed surface of 45 winter wheat varieties which are Alternaria tenuis; Atricicola Prasada; A. dennisii M.B.Ellis;Bipolaris Sorokiniana Shoem; Fusarium graminearam; F. oxysporum Curvularia; Exserohilum; Drechslera; Plhoma leveillet Boerema; (Harzia acremonioides Harz; Pleurophraium. Especialy, the separating rate of Alternaria was the highest, reaching to 58.06%, lariand Bipolaris and Fusarium were ranked second and third, the rates were 22.11% and 7.44%. Testing the germinating rate of separated spore, the result was that, the germinating rate of spore was the highest, 6 fungus having the character of causing wheat disease.