玉米光温敏无雄穗系植株多种植物激素含量的动态变化

以玉米光温敏无雄穗系I17及其正常系N17植株为试验材料,在春季和秋季种植条件下分别测定叶片与雄穗中生长素(IAA)、脱落酸(ABA)、赤霉素(GA3)和玉米素(ZT)的含量,研究植物激素对玉米光温敏无雄穗系植株雄穗发生及其育性的影响。结果表明,春季种植的无雄穗系I17与正常系N17的叶片和雄穗中IAA、GA3、ZT和ABA含量没有明显差异;秋季种植的无雄穗系I17叶片中IAA、GA3和ZT含量在苗期、抽雄期及花粒期均显著低于正常系N17,ABA含量显著高于N17。在植物激素平衡方面,秋季种植的无雄穗系I17叶片中IAA/ABA、GA3/ABA及ZT/ABA的比值均显著低于正常系N17的相应值。IAA、GA3和ZT的严重亏损与ABA的过量积累是引起玉米无雄穗的重要原因之一。

Dynamic Changes of Plant Hormones Content in Photoperiod-Temperature Sensitive Tassel Deficiency Line of Maize

he effect of plant hormones on tassel morphogenesis and male fertility of photoperiod-temperature sensitive tassel deficiency line of maize were studied. The content of indole acetic acid (IAA), abscisic acid (ABA), gibberellin (GA₃) and zeatin (ZT) in photoperiod-temperature sensitive tassel deficiency line I17 and its normal line N17 planted in spring and autumn were determined, respectively. The results showed that the content of IAA, ABA, GA₃ and ZT in leaves and tassels of I17 were no significant difference between I17 and N17 of maize planted in spring. However, the content of IAA, GA₃ and ZT in the leaves of I17 were significantly lower than that of N17 in seedling stage, tasseling stage and flower seed filling stage, while ABA content was significantly higher than that of N17 planted in autumn. About the balance of plant hormones, IAA/ABA, GA₃/ABA and ZT/ABA ratio of I17 in the leaves were significantly less than that of N17 planted in autumn. It is suggested that the serious loss of IAA, GA₃ and ZT and excessive accumulation of ABA are the important reasons of tassel deficiency in maize.