日粮和管理对东北虎血液指标及免疫功能的影响

从营养和管理方式均不同的两组东北虎群中各选5只体型适中的成年雄性东北虎作为研究对象，其中笼养组以纯肉为日粮，散养组以混合饲料为日粮。麻醉后采集静脉血，测定血液中各项生理生化指标，外周血淋巴细胞增殖性反应，以及血清中白细胞介素-2（IL-2）、白细胞介素-6（IL-6）和肿瘤坏死因子（TNF）的含量。结果：散养组外周血淋巴细胞增殖性反应显著高于笼养组（P〈0．05）；血清尿素、肌酐、淀粉酶、谷丙转氦酶、谷草转氦酶等指标在两组间差异显著（P〈0．05）：全血红细胞计数、白细胞计数、血红蛋白含量、血清蛋白、甘油三酯、总胆固醇等指标组间差异不显著（P〉0．05）。结果显示：营养和管理方式对东北虎某些血液指标产生影响，混合日粮和散养方式更有利于维持东北虎的正常免疫机能和健康。

Influence of Diet and Management on Haematological Indexes and Immunological Function of Siberian Tiger (Panthera tigris altaica )

For study of the influence of diet and management, adult male tigers were set in two groups, 5 in each, with appropriate body size: one group in cages with raw meat as diet (Group 1) , another free in the captive yard, with mixed food as diet (Group 2) . Peripheral venous blood samples were collected from these two groups of tigers and physiological and biochemical indexes, lymphocyte proliferation response, concentration of IL - 2, IL - 6 and TNF in serum were determined Results indicated that differences of haematological indexes: serum urea, creatinine, amylase ALT, AST were significant between two groups ( P < 0.05) ; the lymphocyte proliferation response in Group 2 was significantly higher than in Group 1 ( P < 0.05) ; no significant differences between two groups were detected in number of red and white cells haemoglobin, as well as serum protein, triglyceride, total cholesterol ( P > 0.05) , indicating the significant impact of nutrition and management on several haemotological indexes and immunological function. Experiments showed that tigers reared in free condition with mixed diet were better than those fed with raw meat in cages in maintaining the immunological function.