EMS 处理甘蔗愈伤组织诱变效应

用甲基磺酸乙酯(EMS)处理组培甘蔗愈伤组织细胞诱变育种结果表明:处理细胞再生植株主要农艺性状:株高、茎径、锤度经 X~2分析明显偏离正常常态分布,较供体和织培苗差异显著。变异大多数朝不利方向发展,少数植株有选种价值。经 R_3代选择,从1536株诱变株中获得2个比较好的高产高糖突变株系。试验说明:EMS 诱变处理甘蔗愈伤组织可作为一种甘蔗育种手段加以利用。其最佳浓度为0.1%处理24小时。

THE MUTAGENIC EFFECT ON THE SUGARCANE CALLUS TREATED BY EMS

The test results on the sugarcane callus treated by ethyl methane sulfonaste(EMS)showed that the difference obvious on the main agronomical character,i.e.plant height,stalk diameter,brix of the regenerated plants from sugarcane callus was markeder than that of donor and tissue-culture- plant.By means of the X~2 test,the result showed that the brix,plant height, stalk diameter of mutagenic sugarcane were notably deviate from the normal distribution.The deviation was more obvious than that of donor.Most of the characters of mutagenized asexual generation were worse than that of the donor.However,there were still some practical significance on variety selection from a few mutation plants.Two better lines of high-yield and high-sucrose had been obtained from 1536 regenerated mutation plants through R_3 generation selection.Experiment results showed that in sugarcane callus treated by EMS can be used as a means of selecting and breeding in sugarcane. The best concentration of EMS is 0.1%,treating for 24 hours.