鲁西牛生长发育规律研究

[目的]为进一步了解鲁西牛生长发育规律及体重与各体尺间的内在联系。[方法]研究利用SPSS 26.0软件，分析鲁西牛体重与各体尺性状间的相关性，建立各体尺性状对体重的最优回归模型。[结果]结果显示鲁西牛群体I中所有体尺性状均与体重间存在极显著正相关(P<0.01),其中腹围(X5)、体高(X1)和胸围(X3)通过较强的直接作用影响体重(Y)。鲁西牛体尺(X)对体重(Y)的最优回归模型为：Y=2.374X1+2.455X3+2.721X5-923.527 (R=0.955,P<0.01)。根据最优回归模型，对鲁西牛群体II的体重数据进行预测，并将群体I和群体II进行合并为群体III,分析鲁西牛群体III体重与体高(X1)、胸围(X3)和腹围(X5)的相关性，并对相关系数进行分解。结果显示，体重(Y)相关程度最高的胸围(X3)性状对体重的直接作用最大(P=0.939),与体重间相关系数最小的体高(X1)则是通过较强的间接作用影响体重。[结论]综上，体高、胸围和腹围可作为3个重要参考指标，为后续合理评估鲁西牛生长发育性能提供理论参考。

Study on Growth and Development Patterns of Luxi Cattle

This work aims to analyze the correlation between body weight and other growth traits, meanwhile establishing the optimal regression equation. Our results have pointed out that all the growth traits were positively correlated to body weight at a significant level in Luxi cattle (population 1, P<0.01). Specifically, abdominal circumference (X5), body height (X1), and heart girth (X3) exerted a stronger direct influence on body weight than those growth traits. The optimal regression equation of growth traits to body weight in Luxi cattle was: Y=2.374X1+2.455X3+2.721X5-923.527 (R=0.955, P<0.01). Based on the optimal regression equation, we predicted the body weight of Luxi cattle (population 2), as well as combined population 1 and population 2 to population 3. Then, the correlation between body weight and body height (X1), heart girth (X3), and abdominal circumference (X5), also the correlation coefficient was split. The results illustrated that the chest circumference (X3), which had the highest correlation with body weight (Y), had the greatest direct effect on body weight (P=0.939), and the body height (X1), which had the smallest correlation coefficient with body weight, had a stronger indirect effect on body weight. In conclusion, body height, chest circumference and abdominal circumference showed the potential as three important indicators to provide scientific information for the subsequent evaluation of the growth and development performance of Luxi cattle.