基于光电传感器的精密播种机排种性能监测系统的研究

【目的】针对玉米、大豆等作物单粒精密播种过程中出现的漏播、重播以及播种量不精准的问题,设计一种基于光电法的单粒精密播种机排种性能监测系统。【方法】采用红外检测装置获取种子下落时的脉冲信号,脉冲信号经单片机处理后统计种子下落时间间隔,并与设定理论时间间隔相比较,计算漏播率、重播率及播种量。以垂直勺轮式排种器为对象,对监测系统进行单粒漏播、重播及播种量监测试验。【结果】该监测系统的单粒监测精度达到98.8%;与排种器性能检测试验台架检测结果相比,监测系统的漏播率监测误差小于0.3%,重播率监测误差小于0.6%;播种量监测精度大于94.4%。【结论】此监测系统工作稳定,监测精度较高。

Research on the sowing performance monitoring system for precision seeders based on photoelectric sensor

Objective] To design a sowing performance monitoring system based on photoelectric method, so as to solve the problems of miss-seeding, re-seeding and lack of precision in seeding volume during the single grain precision seeding process for crops such as corns and beans. [Method]Infrared sensors were applied to capture the pulse signal when the seeds were falling. The signal was processed by a micro-processor, the time gap between successive seed falling was summarized and compared with the designed time gap to obtain the miss-seeding rate, re-seeding rate and seeding volume. Vertical scoop wheel seedmeter was used as the test object to monitor the miss-seeding, re-seeding performance and seeding volume .[Result]The monitoring accuracy rate for single grain of this monitoring system reached 98. 8%. Compared with the results of the test-bed for testing performance of the seedmeter, the monitoring error of miss-seeding rate was below 0. 3%, the monitoring error of re-seeding rate was below 0. 6% and the monitoring accuracy rate of seeding volume was above 94. 4%. [Conclusion] The monitoring system works stably and has high accuracy.