咸阳国际机场鸟撞事件评估及预防对策

为了预防和控制鸟撞事件频繁发生,保证飞行安全,作者采用了样线法对咸阳国际机场及周边的鸟类进行了为期1a的调查。结果表明,咸阳及周边地区共有鸟类152种,其中留鸟57种,占总数的37.5%;夏候鸟23种,占总数的15.1%;冬候鸟30种,占总数的19.7%;旅鸟42种,占总数的27.7%。优势种较少,种类包括麻雀、家燕和灰椋鸟,其中燕科鸟类撞机事件的发生率最高。本文就燕科鸟类撞机事件发生规律加以分析并进一步根据具体情况从生态学角度提出了鸟撞灾害生态防治的对策。

Assessments and Countermeasures on Bird Strike Accidents at Xianyang International Airport

To control the birds scientifically and guarantee the flight safety,a survey on avian community was conducted in Xianyang international airport for a period of 12 months.A total of 152 species of birds were recorded in this region during the period.Among these species,there were 57 residents（38%）,23 summer visitors（15%）,30 winter visitors（20%）,and 42 passage migrants（28%）.The dominant species were few,including Passer montanus、Hirundo rustica,and Sturnus cineraceus. Among these species the frequency of bird strike was highest for Hirundidae.We analyzed the pattern of Hirundidae bird strikes to provide basic information for formulating policy with ecological considerations to prevent and/or control bird strike accidents.