中国黑熊及其养殖业的发展现状

如何认识、正确处理野生动物的保护与利用之间的关系是极为重要的。与中国传统医药发展息息相关的黑熊养殖业,在中国已经存在20多年了。目前已完成了自野外捕获向自我繁殖以维持种群发展的关键转折,实现了养殖技术的升级、取胆技术的革新、养殖规模呈现集约化发展趋势。本文概述了中国野生黑熊分布和种群数量,为保护黑熊所采取的各种措施和成效,以及黑熊养殖业的历史和发展现状。介绍了国内与黑熊保护和驯养有关的法律和政策,在此基础上,详细分析了野生黑熊保护与黑熊养殖业的关系,揭示二者间即保护与可持续利用的内在关联,并对黑熊养殖业涉及的问题进行了解析。以化解黑熊保护与利用之间的矛盾,引导黑熊养殖业迈向健康发展之路。

Status of Black Bear and the Bear Farming Industry in China

It is important to understand and manage the relationships between wildlife conservation and utilization.Black bear farming started in China 20 years ago in association with the development of Chinese traditional medicine.Captive breeding has been developed to sustain the farmed populations and avoids the need to capture additional bears from the wild.Techniques for breeding and bile extraction have been reformed,and the development trend is toward more intensive farming.We summarize the distribution and po...