新型培养料栽培食用菌研究的现状及展望

对新型培养料栽培食用菌的研究现状进行了分析讨论,指出新型培养料栽培食用菌存在的主要问题,如:生物学效率相对较低、新型氮源研究少、机理探讨少、食品安全问题关注度不够、缺乏系统深入分析、工厂化生产食用菌的工艺尚未确立等,并对新型培养料栽培食用菌的发展前景进行了展望。笔者提出,食用菌栽培基质的研究重心应从传统的可行性研究、配方筛选、成分分析,转向新型基质适宜食用菌生长的作用机理、菌株筛选、食用菌的营养品质、食品安全、新型基质菌糠的再利用,以及工厂化生产的栽培工艺研究等方面。

Present Research Situation and Prospect on New Kinds of Edible Fungi's Culture Medium

Base on consulting many works and field survey on the same subjects,the present research situation of new kinds of edible fungi＇s culture medium were analyzed and discussed.Main problems,such as relative low of the biological efficiency,less study of the new nitrogen resource,lack of investigation about the mechanism,food security had not been paid great attention to,few systematic analysis on the culture medium,industrial production technology of edible fungi had not been set up,etc.were pointed out.The development prospect of the new culture mediums were also prospected by the authors.It was pointed out that the research focus on edible fungi＇s culture medium should be turn from the feasibility study,ingredient,component analysis to the study of mechanism of how it suitable for mushroom growth,strains filter,the nutritional quality of edible fungi,food safety,reuse of waste material,the industrial production technology,etc.