4种野菜种子的发芽特性及无菌播种培养研究

对人参菜、益母草、菊花脑、荠菜等4种野菜种子的发芽特性及无菌播种培养技术进行了研究,结果表明:菊花脑种子发芽最快、荠菜次之、益母草再次、人参菜种子发芽速度最慢;发芽前的浸种时间,前3种野菜以6 h为宜,而人参菜以浸种9 h的效果较好。此外,4种野菜种子用75%乙醇浸泡40～60 s后,再用0.1%HgCl2浸泡12 min,消毒效果较好,基本无污染现象发生;最适合益母草、菊花脑、荠菜无菌播种的培养基分别为1/2MS、MS、1/4MS,播种后11 d的发芽率分别达到37.50%、68.75%、62.50%,而人参菜种子播种后20 d仍不能发芽。

Studies on germinating characteristics and aseptic sowing of four kinds of wild vegetables seeds

Germinating characteristics and aseptic sowing of four kinds of wild vegetables including Talinum paniculatum(Jacq.)Gaertn,Leonurus heterophyllus Sweet,Chrysanthemum nankingense Hand.Mazz.and Capsella bursa-pastoris(L) Medic were studied.The results showed that: Chrysanthemum nankingense Hand.Mazz.was quickest in germinating speed,Capsella bursa-pastoris(L) Medic the second,Leonurus heterophyllus Sweet the third,Talinum paniculatum(Jacq.)Gaertn slowest.Six-hours was the most suitable soaking seeds time for the former three kinds of wild vegetables,with nine-hours for Talinum paniculatum(Jacq.)Gaertn.Good disinfection effect was got at and no pollution phenomenon occured when four kinds of wild vegetables seeds were soaked in 75% ethyl alcohol for 40~60 seconds,then in 0.1%HgCl2 for 12 minutes.The best aseptic sowing mediums for Leonurus heterophyllus Sweet,Chrysanthemum nankingense Hand.Mazz.and Capsella bursa-pastoris(L) Medic were 1/2MS,MS and 1/4MS respectively,germination percentage amounted to 37.50%,68.75% and 62.50% separately after sowing 11 days,but Talinum paniculatum(Jacq.)Gaertn seeds still did not germinate after 20 days.