植物关联分析的研究进展及其在茶树分子标记辅助育种上的应用前景

茶树是我国重要的经济和饮料作物，由于自交不亲和和长期的异花授粉使其高度异质杂合，选育一个良种耗时长，提高早期选育效率和准确鉴定目标性状成为茶树育种家关心的重大问题之一。关联分析是研究分子标记或候选基因与目标性状关系的一种新方法，现已广泛应用于植物等位基因发掘、功能基因验证以及功能性标记的开发和应用等各方面的研究中，为茶树遗传育种研究提供了新思路。本文主要介绍了关联分析的基本原理、策略和及其在植物中的应用现状，并且探讨了其在茶树分子标记辅助育种研究上的应用前景。

Research Progress of Association Analysis in Plants and the Application Prospects in Breeding of Tea Plant (Camellia sinensis (L.) O. Kuntze)

Tea is an important economic and beverage crop in China. The tea plant (Camellia sinensis (L.) O. Kuntze) is self-incompatible, long-term allogamy contributes to high heterogeneity. It takes a long time for the successful breeding of a new tea cultivar. It is very important to improve the efficiency of early appraisal of individual selection and the evaluation accuracy of target traits in the breeding procedure. Association analysis was a new approach of studying the relationship of molecular markers and/or candidate genes with target phenotypic traits. It was widely used to in allelic gene mining, functional gene appraisal, generation and application of functional markers in plant breeding, which also might be a new promising approach for the breeding of tea plant. In this paper, the basic statistic principles, strategies, characteristics and current successful applications of association analysis in plants were reviewed. Finally, we also discussed the potential application of association analysis in the marker assisted selection of tea breeding.