Composition and Nutrient Deficiencies of Arkansas Forages for Beef Cattle |
| |
| Institution: | 2. To whom correspondence should be addressed;2. Western Kansas Agricultural Research Center, Kansas State University, Hays 67601;;3. Animal Science Department, University of Nebraska, Lincoln 68504;4. Department of Clinical Sciences, Kansas State University, Manhattan 66502;1. Cooperative Extension Service, University of Arkansas, Little Rock 72204;2. Department of Animal Science, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville 72701;3. Arkansas Farm Bureau, Little Rock 72203;4. Department of Animal Science, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater 74078;1. Department of Animal Science, “Luiz de Queiroz” College of Agriculture, University of São Paulo (ESALQ-USP), Piracicaba, São Paulo 13418-900, Brazil;2. Veterinary Medicine, Molecular Biosciences, University of California – Davis, Davis, CA, United States;3. Institute of Animal Science and Pastures - Instituto de Zootecnia (IZ), Centro APTA Bovinos de Corte, Sertãozinho, São Paulo, Brazil;4. Federal University of São Carlos (UFSCar) – Department of Genetics and Evolution, São Carlos, São Paulo, Brazil;5. Federal University of Juiz de Fora (UFJF) – Department of Veterinary Medicine, Juiz de Fora, Minas Gerais, Brazil |
| |
| Abstract: | A database was compiled to determine the nutrient composition, variability, and nutrient deficiencies of 11,592 forage samples (10,246 hay, 1,001 pasture, and 345 silage) collected from 1985 to 1999. Samples were analyzed for 1 to 15 nutrients: DM, N, ADF, NDF, P, K, Ca, Mg, Na, S, Fe, Mn, Zn, Cu, and Se. Mean (±SD) CP and TDN levels (% DM) of bermudagrass, fescue, and mixed grass (blends of bermudagrass, fescue, orchardgrass, ryegrass, and cheat) hays were 12.4 ± 3.5, 60.0± 6.2; 11.2± 3.0, 53.8± 4.7; and 11.1 ± 3.1, 52.9± 4.7, respectively. For beef cows and calves, TDN was deficient in a greater percentage of hays (P < 0.05) than was CP. Bermudagrass hays contained greater levels of CP and TDN than fescue or mixed grass hays (P < 0.05). Fescue and mixed grass hays did not differ (P > 0.05) in CP, ADF, NDF, or TDN concentrations. Only 6 to 10% of the hays analyzed for Na contained adequate levels for beef cows and calves. Selenium, Cu, and Zn were deficient in 62, 52, and 41% of the hay samples, respectively. For lactating beef cows, a lesser percentage of the hays were deficient in P (16%), Ca (7%), Mg (30%), and S (8%). Iron, Mn, and K were deficient in 2% or less of the hays. Bermudagrass, corn, and sorghum-sudan silages contained greater (P < 0.05) levels of TDN than silages composed of fescue, mixed grass, ryegrass, sorghum silage types, or wheat. With the exception of bluestems and orchardgrass, the pasture samples contained greater concentrations of CP and TDN than the same forage species harvested as hay. In general, forages were highly variable in nutrient content, and most hays were deficient in one or more nutrients for beef cattle. |
| |
| Keywords: | |
| 本文献已被 ScienceDirect 等数据库收录！ |
|
