穿龙薯蓣研究进展

对国内穿龙薯蓣资源概况、分布范围、生物学特性、化学成分、种苗繁殖、组织和细胞培养等研究现状进行评述。穿龙薯蓣是我国主要的甾体激素类药源植物，也是世界上薯蓣皂苷元含量最高的资源植物之一，广泛分布于北亚热带及中亚热带地区。组织培养技术是进行种苗生产、品种培育的有效途径，也是工业化皂苷生产的有效途径；薯蓣皂苷主要分布于根状茎中的基本组织薄壁细胞中；影响穿龙薯蓣皂苷含量的因素主要有分布区、土壤、水分、温度、光照等环境因子，也有株间差异、生长时间、生育期、开花时间、根状茎水分含量及形态等自身因子。

Study Progress of Dioscorea nipponica Makino

A review of the study on the germplasm resources, natural distribution, biology characteristic, chemical constituents, seedling reproducing, as well as the tissue and cell culture of Dioscorea nipponica was given. It is an endemic Chinese medicinal resource plant, with high content of dioscin quantity in its genus. It is distributed widely in North and central Subtropical areas. The technique of tissue culture is a most effective way to seedling production and variety breeding, and also an effective way to industrial production of diosgenin. The diosgen is mainly stored in the parenchymatous cells of the elementary tissue in rhizome of the D. nipponica. The factors affecting the content of diosgenin in the D. nipponica include mainly the environmental aspects such as distribution area, soil, moisture, temperature, illumination and the individual aspects of plant such as individual variation, growing time, bearing period, flowering time, water content of rhizome, morphology of rhizome, etc. As a result, some directions to increase its content of diosgenin have been put forward in the paper.