华东3省1市加拿大一枝黄花分布和发生规律的定量调查研究

对华东3省1市(安徽、江苏、浙江和上海)的加拿大一枝黄花群落进行定量的生态学调查,将各环境生态因子量化,进行主成分分析(PCA)和典范对应分析(CCA),结果表明,入侵生境的植物群落均以加拿大一枝黄花为优势种,与加拿大一枝黄花频繁伴生的植物中藤本植物为常见的一类,它们能利用加拿大一枝黄花植株作为攀爬物,获取阳光。在23个生态因子中,土壤类型、湿润度、荫蔽度对加拿大一枝黄花分布的影响最大,加拿大一枝黄花趋向于入侵沙壤、湿润和开阔的生境。因此,推测江河湖泊的岸堤、沼泽、沿海滩涂、高速公路、铁路边、人工裸地极易受到加拿大一枝黄花的入侵,应该加强对这些生境的监管。

Quantitative Survey on Distribution and Occurrence of Solidago canadensis in East China

We quantitatively investigated plant communities with S.canadensis in east China(Anhui,Jiangsu,Zhejiang Province and Shanghai City),quantified the ecological factors,and analyzed data through the Principle Components Analysis(PCA) and the Canonical Correspondence Analysis(CCA).The results demonstrated that all the plant communities occurred in the habitat invaded by S.canadensis had S.canadensis as dominant species.The climber plants were main species that accompanied to S.canadensis,because they could take S.canadensis as a supporter to clime up to obtain sufficient sunlight.Among 23 ecological factors,soil type,soil humidity and shade were main factors that significantly influenced the distribution of S.canadensis.S.canadensis tended to invade sandy,humid soil and open habitats.Hence,we predict that all the environments at the bank of rivers,streams,lakes and bog along the highways and the railways,and around the artificial bare grounds and beaches are easy to be invaded,which we should supervise.