射频制热技术应用现状及土壤射频消毒展望

土壤消毒领域经过多年发展，已经形成较为成熟的应用市场。针对化学、生物等传统消毒方式已经不能满足目前土壤消毒多元需求的问题，该文聚焦现代土壤消毒的应用需求，较为明确的分析了传统消毒方式的显著效果及典型缺陷，基于现有研究基础，探索性的提出将射频制热消毒技术应用到土壤消毒领域并研制对应装备的设想。首先，综合归纳了射频制热系统的组成、分类及制热性能影响因素，并分析了射频制热不均性的基本原因；其次，梳理总结了射频制热技术在工业、医疗、纺织轻工业、林业产品加工、农副产品加工等领域的应用现状，并针对农副产品的消毒杀菌、干燥解冻等加工的发展历程进行了重点概述；再次，基于搭建的射频制热试验平台进行的土壤制热试验表明：电极结构形式对土壤制热性能的影响明显，是制热不均匀的显著影响因素；此外，结合学者的研究及土壤制热试验，从射频制热系统自身制热机理、土壤自身受热特性、物料与射频的匹配等角度深入分析了射频这种物理制方式的应用缺点，根本原因及改进方法，提出了改善土壤射频制热均匀性的建议；最后，针对未来土壤消毒领域的应用提出了田间土壤、有机质土壤射频消毒装备分开设计的思路，并基于对射频制热在其他领域应用缺陷的认知，分别提出了更合适射频制热电极结构形式与受热物料的匹配方案。该文论述可为土壤射频消毒应用领域的装备研发提供一定借鉴。

Application and outlook of radio frequency heating technology in soil disinfection

Soil disinfection technology has translated into a well-established commercial application with a mature market. However, most conventional disinfection methods, such as chemical and biological types, cannot meet the current harsh multiple needs of soil disinfection in modern digital agriculture. Therefore, this paper focuses on the latest application requirements for modern digital soil disinfection, to analyze the significant effects and typical defects of conventional disinfection methods, and finally proposes the idea: translating the emerging radio frequency heating technology into the application field of soil disinfection and the new design of advanced equipment. Five sections include in this paper. 1) The components, classification, heating performance and influence factors were summarized in the radio frequency (RF) heating system. 2) The application status of RF heating and disinfection technology was classify based on the various widely-used fields from industry, textile lighting, medical treatment, forestry product processing, agricultural and sideline product processing. The development processes of disinfection, sterilization, drying and thawing for agricultural and sideline products were analyzed, in order to clarify the main reasons for the RF uniform heating in the agricultural production line. 3) A RF heating experimental platform was also established in a laboratory environment, where preliminary trial tests of soil heating were performed using various types of electrode structures. The test results show that the structure of electrode poses a significant effect on the heating performance of the soil, which can be a key influence factor on the uneven heating. 4) This section covers a systematical analysis on the existing research related to the soil heating test under laboratory conditions, including the heating mechanism of the RF heating system, the heating characteristics of the soil materials, the matching features of the materials and the RF, the application shortcomings, the main causes, and the update methods for the physical heating method, and then proposes some suggestions to improve much more uniform RF heating in soil disinfection field. 5) According to the identification and assessment for the RF heating applications in other fields, this section proposes a separate design idea for field soil and organic soil RF heating disinfection equipment, several electrode structures in RF heating disinfection, and matching schemes for heated soil materials and heating parameters, for the future application of RF heating to soil heating disinfection. Since a variety of commercial simulation platforms for RF heating disinfection have emerged as the in-depth progress of the theory and technology, translating the soil RF heating into specific application based on the commercial simulation platforms would have played a direct and important role to accelerate the equipment development and shorten the development cycle, thereby saving the investment in research and the intensity of experimental labor. This overview can provide a sound guidance for the design and production of equipment in the field of soil RF disinfection.