广东不同地区油棕叶片解剖结构观察与评价

为了评价早期引种到广东深圳、东莞、茂名、化州、湛江和雷州 6 个地区（居群）油棕大树的解剖学结构特 征，以其中 38 株油棕树的叶片为材料，对其解剖结构进行观察和比较分析。结果表明：油棕叶片上表皮细胞下方的中 脉与侧脉之间以及侧脉与侧脉之间均存在 2~3 层泡状细胞，叶片中脉维管束数量达 4~12 个且排列形式多样，其中较大 的维管束内含多个独立的韧皮部；油棕叶片解剖结构特征存在显著的株间差异和居群间差异（中脉维管束长度和细胞 结构疏松度除外）；引种到广东不同地区的油棕没有明显的地区性聚类差异，同源性高。研究结果旨在为我国热带北缘 地区油棕抗逆种质资源的进一步鉴定与挖掘利用提供参考。

Observation and Evaluation of Leaf Anatomical Features of Oil Palm Introduced in Different Regions in Guangdong Province

In order to evaluate the leaf anatomical features of thirty - eight individual oil palm plants earlier introduced in six regions (populations) in Guangdong, China, oil palm leaves were observed anatomically using the technique of paraffin embedding and section staining to compare their anatomical structure feathers among individual palms and populations, and to analyze the variation of leaf anatomical features in individual palms and different populations. Below the adaxial epidermis, there were the occurrences of two to three layers of colorless, palisaded, elongated and distinct parenchyma cells called bulliforms not only between the midrib and lateral vein of leaves, but also between the two lateral veins. The vascular system was comprised of four to twelve vascular bundles with various arrangements, and the larger vascular bundles had phloem distributed in isolated groups. The anatomical feathers were significantly different in individual palms and populations (except for the length of vascular bundle and cell spongy ratio). The individual palms introduced in different regions in Guangdong had high homologies without significant clustering differences. The results were expected to provide a theoretical reference for further identification and utilization of oil palm stress resistant germplasm.