影响中国西门塔尔牛繁殖性状的环境因素分析

本文利用5个国家级种畜场和8个家畜冷冻精液中心站1979～1998年间的338头西门塔尔公牛的1275头女儿与其所配母牛的繁殖性状资料和重要的生产性状记录,以及有一定数量后裔的61头公牛的915条精子形态性状测定记录,对西门塔尔母牛的配妊时间、产犊间隔、305d产奶量,和公牛的精子形态性状(头长、最大头宽、中段长、主段长、总长)、精子解冻后活力、密度等共计15个性状进行了遗传统计分析。结果表明:场、年度(配种年度、分娩年度、制精年度)、季节(配种季节、分娩季节、采精季节)、与配公牛、胎次等环境因素对母牛主要繁殖性状影响非常显著,而对公牛精子形态性状的影响小于遗传因素。公牛精子形态性状在个体间差异极显著(P<0.01),这种差异代表了真正的遗传差异。

Analysis of Environmental Factors Affecting Reproductive Traits of Chinese Simmental

Data of main reproductive traits and important production traits of Chinese Simmental were collected from five livestock breeding farms at country level and eight livestock frozen semen central station containing 1275 daughters of 338 bulls and cows mated by those bulls from 1979 to 1998, and 915 testing records of morphological characteristics of sperm of 61 bulls which had a certain size progenies. The results suggest that environmental factors have remarkable effects on reproduction of cows, and have less effect on dimensional characteristics of sperm than genetic factors. There is different extent of correlation among all traits. Morphological characteristics of sperm of bulls exists significant difference between individual, the difference represents true genetic difference.