阿拉善荒漠区5种植物叶片性状的季节动态

植物叶片性状研究是植物生态学的热点研究领域之一。以阿拉善地区荒漠植物霸王(Zygophyllum xanthoxylum)、沙冬青(Ammopiptanthus mongolicus)、驼绒藜(Ceratoides latens)、白刺(Nitraria tangutorum)和无芒隐子草(Cleistogenes songorica)为研究对象,采集不同物候期的叶片,分析叶片性状的季节变化特征。结果表明:(1)5种荒漠植物叶片性状在生长季内变化规律不同,即使同种生活型灌木叶片性状也有很大差别。(2)叶片单叶面积和单叶重量在单个植物物种以及整体水平上均表现出显著的幂函数方程曲线。(3)植物叶片元素(C、N、P、K、Ca、Na、Mg)含量在生长季内波动较大,而4种微量元素(Fe、Mn、Zn、Cu)含量在生长季内随月份变化不大,其中,5种植物叶片Zn和Cu含量均维持在"低"水平,对整体植物叶片元素含量变异系数的排序为:NaKPMgZnCaFeCuNMnC。(4)对植物叶片性状之间的相互关系分析显示,在单个物种水平上,5种植物叶片性状之间的相关性差别较大;在整体水平上,植物叶片单叶重量、单叶面积和比叶重与元素C和Cu表现出协同关系,与其余元素均表现出相反的关系。

Seasonal Variation of Leaf Traits of Five Eremophyte Species in the Alxa Desert

The research on leaf traits of plants was focused on by many experts in plant ecology field.In this study,five eremophyte species including Zygophyllum xanthoxylum,Arnmopiptanthus mongolicus,Ceratoides latens,Nitraria tangutorum and Cleistogenes songorica in the Alxa Desert were chosen as the research objects to constantly observe their phenophase by collecting leaves and analyzing the seasonal variation of leaf traits.Results are as follows:① The alteration of leaves of the five eremophyte species was different in growing season,and even if that of the shrubs in the same life forms;② There were the significant power equation curves of ILA and ILM of leaves of a single plant species and at overall level;③ The contents of leaf elements (C,N,P,K,Ca,Na and Mg) fluctuated significantly in growing season,but the monthly variation of the contents of four trace elements (Fe,Mn,Zn and Cu) was low,and the Zn and Cu contents in leaves of the five eremophyte species were low.The variable coefficient of element contents of leaves was in an order of Na ＞ K ＞ P ＞ Mg ＞ Zn ＞ Ca ＞ Fe ＞ Cu ＞ N ＞ Mn ＞ C;④ At the species level,the correlations among the five plant species were quite different,the ILM,ILA and LMA of Z.xanthoxylum and N.tangutorum were significantly affected by the elements,but those of A.mongolicus were affected slightly.