青海高原干旱地区小麦主栽品种田间化感作用评价

为探索以小麦和杂草共存的生态群落为基础的生态防控技术,采用田间小区自然生长的方法,对青海高原10个主栽小麦品种(系)的化感作用进行评价。通过计算各小麦品种(系)对田间主要杂草各项生长指标的抑制率、化感指数,综合评价各小麦品种(系)在田间的控草作用强弱。结果表明:各小麦品种对田间杂草总株数抑制率为23.67%~45.85%,鲜重抑制率为43.64%~76.23%,干重抑制率为34.19%~76.24%;10个品种(系)对田间优势杂草自生油菜(Brassica napus L.)和密花香薷(Elsholtziadensa Benth.)的化感指数(RI值)绝大多数为负值,说明10个品种(系)对田间优势杂草种群均表现出抑制作用,其中高原448号品种田间化感抑草作用最强。基于最远邻近距离法,将10个小麦品种(系)进行聚类分析得出:高原448号、阿勃化感抑草作用最强,高原437号、青春38号、乐麦5号、互麦14、互麦15号、通麦1号化感抑草作用中等,互助红和品系74化感抑草作用最差。

Evaluation on the allelopathic effect of the main wheat varieties in arid areas on Qinghai plateau

In order to develop ecologically weed control techniques based on ecological colonies with both of wheat and weeds surviving together,we evaluated the allelopathic effect of the main wheat varieties and lines in arid areas on Qinghai plateau .The allelopathic effect of the main was evaluated by the inhibition rate and values of response index (RI).The results showed that the inhibition rate of total plant numbers ranged from 23 .67%to 45 .85%,the inhibition rate of fresh weight ranged from 43 .64% to 76 .23%,and the inhibition rate of dry weight ranged from 34 .19% to 76 .24%.Most values of RI of 10 varieties of wheat on Brassica napus L .and Elsholtziadensa Benth .It means that all these 10 varieties have inhibitory effect on the dominant varieties of weed .Among them,the inhibitory effect of Gaoyuan 448 is the highest .Based on the furthest neighbor method,a cluster analysis was performed,showing that the inhibitory effect of Varieties Gaoyuan 448 and Abo was the highest,Gaoyuan 437,Qingchun 38,Lemai 5,Humai 14,Humai 15, and Tongmai 1 moderate,and Huzhuhong and 74 the lowest .