不同气候年型对荒漠植物生长的影响

基于甘肃省武威市农试站对荒漠植物梭梭(Haloxylon ammodendron)、刺蓬(Cornulaca alaschanica)物候期及生长状况的定点观测资料,运用膨化相关、SPSS统计软件进行相关统计和方差分析。结果表明:(1)与正常年份相比,梭梭春季物候期暖干年较冷湿年提前2~7 d,而秋季物候期暖干年较冷湿年推迟2~11 d。刺蓬物候期暖干年较正常年推迟21~120 d,刺蓬春、夏季物候期冷湿年较正常年提前3~13 d,秋季物候期推迟11 d。(2)梭梭新枝生长长度春秋季暖干年大于冷湿年,而夏季暖干年小于冷湿年。刺蓬生长高度暖干年较正常年偏小,冷湿年较正常年偏大。(3)梭梭生物量冷湿年较暖干年前期偏大,后期偏小。但梭梭年生物量暖干年较冷湿年偏大。刺蓬冷湿年单位面积生物量远大于暖干年。(4)梭梭暖干年覆盖度较冷湿年大,刺蓬覆盖度表现出降水多、覆盖度大,且在时间上具有较好的同步性。(5)生长季气温、降水是荒漠植物梭梭和刺蓬生长的主要影响因子。梭梭更喜温耐旱,而水分条件对刺蓬生长更重要。

Growth of Desert Plants in Different Climate Years

In this paper,the phenology change and growth of Haloxylon ammodendron and Cornulaca alaschanica at Agrometeorological Station of Wuwei Meteorological Bureau, Gansu Province were analyzed based on the stationed observation data.The results are as follows:① The phenological period of H.ammodendron in spring of warm-dry years was 2 to 7 days earlier than that in normal years, but that in autumn was 2 to 11 days later.The phenological period of C.alaschanica in warm-dry years was 21 to 120 days later than that in normal years.The phenological period of C.alaschanica in spring and summer of cold-wet years was 3 to 13 days earlier than that in normal years,but that in autumn was 11 days later;② The shoot length of H.ammodendron in spring and autumn of warm-dry years was longer than that of cold-wet years, but that in summer of warm-dry years was shorter than that of cold-wet years.The height of C.alaschanica in warm-dry years was lower than that in normal years, but it was higher in cold-wet years than that in normal years:③ The biomass of H.ammodendron was higher in early period of cold-wet years but lower in late period, and it was higher in warm-dry years than that in cold-wet years.The biomass of C.alaschanica per unit area in cold-wet years was much higher than that in warm-dry years;④ The coverage of H.ammodendron in cold-wet years was high, but that of C.alaschanica was increased with the increase of precipitation;⑤ Temperature and precipitation were the main factors affecting the growth of H.ammodendron and C.alaschanica's main influence factors.