不同肥料配比对蚕豆养分吸收分配规律和肥料利用率的影响

通过小区试验研究氮、磷、钾、硼、钼肥配合施用对蚕豆产量、养分吸收量和肥料利用效率等指标的影响。试验表明,氮、磷、钾、硼、钼肥配合施用对蚕豆子粒产量、地上生物量均有明显影响,按肥料增产率由高到低的次序依次是NPKMoB。氮、磷、钾、硼、钼肥配施比例为1∶0.99∶0.86∶0.0043∶0.0023,能够促进蚕豆地上部养分的累积N为358.55 kg·hm-2、P为42.07 kg·hm-2、K为206.34 kg·hm-2,氮、磷、钾肥的农学利用率分别为11.19、15.70 kg·kg~(-1)和7.5 kg·kg~(-1);肥料表观利用率分别为19.35%、18.49%和20.25%;生理利用率分别为57.82、84.91 kg·kg~(-1)和14.63 kg·kg~(-1)。氮、磷、钾、硼、钼肥合理配施下,生产100 kg蚕豆所需N为4.9kg,P2O5为1.1 kg,K2O 4.9 kg,氮磷钾比例约为1∶0.22∶1.00。

Effect of different fertilizer application on the yield and fertilizer uptake and utilization of broad bean

A field experiment was conducted to investigate effect of nitrogen,phosphorous,potassium,boron and molybdenum fertilizer on the yield,nutrient uptake and utilization of broad bean.The results showed that nitrogen,phosphorous,potassium,boron and molybdenum fertilizer had significant influence on yield and biomass and the yield increase percentage ranked N ＞ P ＞ K ＞ Mo ＞ B.Under N ∶ P∶ K∶ Mo ∶ B =1 ∶ 0.99 ∶ 0.86 ∶ 0.0043 ∶ 0.0023,the accumulation amount of N,P and K in shoot was 358.55,42.07 kg· hm-2 and 206.34 kg· hm-2,respectively.Agronomic use efficiency of N,P and K was 11.19,15.70 kg· kg-1 and 7.5 kg· kg-1,respectively.Fertilizer use rate of N,P and K was 19.35％,18.49％ and 19.35％,respectively.Physiological use efficiency of N,P and K was 57.82,84.91 kg· kg-1 and 14.63 kg· kg-1,respectively.The nutrient requirement for the broad bean grain of one hundred kilogram was 4.9 kg N,1.1 kg P2O5,4.9 kg K2O,and N∶P∶K ratio was about 1∶0.22∶1.00.