不同机采棉行距配置对棉花生长发育及光合物质生产的影响

以新陆早32号为供试材料,在新疆自然生态环境下研究不同机采棉行距配置(66+10 cm、72+4 cm)对棉花生长发育及其光合物质生产的影响。结果表明:72+4模式利于棉花前期生长,因其地膜覆盖率高,采光面积大,地温高;66+10模式利于棉花中后期的生长,因其通风透光性强;其中66+10模式与72+4模式相比,棉花生育时期提前3 d,株高高于72+4模式15.66%,叶片多于72+4模式13.53%,两者差异达到显著水平,以此为基础,66+10模式下棉花营养生长和生殖生长得到有效合理的协调,并促进了生殖器官干物质的积累,且因中后期的通风透光性强,提高了外围铃比例,为增产做贡献。

Effects of different row spacing patterns on growth and photosynthetic production of machine-harvested cotton

Selecting Xinluzao 32 as experimental material,the effects of different row spacing patterns (66 + 10 cm,72 + 4 cm) on growth and photosynthetic production of machine-harvested cotton were studied under the natural ecological environment in Xinjiang.The results showed that the 72 + 4 pattern was advantageous to cotton growth in early period,because of the high coverage of plastic film,large lighting area and high soil temperature,whereas the 56 + 10 pattern was in favor of cotton growth in late period,because of its advantages in ventilation and transmission of light.Compared with 72 + 4 pattern,the 56 + 10 pattern brought forward growth period by 3 days,raised plant height by 15.56％,and increased leaves by 13.53％ with a significant level.Therefore,the 56 + 10 pattem could coordinate vegetative and reproductive growth of cotton effectively,promote dry matter accumulation in reproductive organs,increase proportion of peripheral bolls,and thus make a contribution to high yield.