植物提取物对瓜类枯萎病菌的抑菌活性

以黄瓜枯萎病菌、西瓜枯萎病菌和甜瓜枯萎病菌为供试病原菌,对27种植物的乙醇提取物进行了离体抑菌活性筛选,并采用盆栽活体试验测定了狼毒大戟、藿香、肉桂、黄檗等提取物对黄瓜枯萎病菌的生物活性。离体抑菌活性测定结果表明：27种供试植物提取物对3种病原菌的菌丝生长均具有一定的抑制作用,其中狼毒大戟、白屈菜、藿香、肉桂、黄檗、龙葵等提取物对3种病原菌的抑制率均可达70%以上。盆栽活体试验结果表明：狼毒大戟提取物对黄瓜幼苗抗枯萎病菌的预防效果和治疗效果均较好,分别达70.54%和57.89%|肉桂提取物对黄瓜幼苗抗枯萎病菌的预防效果、诱导抗病效果、治疗效果均可达50%以上|藿香提取物的诱导抗病效果最高达75.60%,而预防效果和治疗效果不明显|黄檗提取物的预防效果可高达83.33%,诱导抗病效果亦达55.55%,但治疗效果不明显。

Inhibition Effects of Plant Extracts against Fusarium oxysporum

The fungistasis of 27 plant ethanol extracts were tested with Fusarium oxysporum f.sp.cucumerinum Owen,F.oxysporum f.sp.niveum and F.oxysporum f.sp.melonis under separate cultivating conditions.The effects of 4 plant extracts on potted plants against cucumber blight in greenhouse were tested,respectively.The extracts of the plants have obvious inhibitive function against the 3 kinds of pathogen,especially the extracts of Euphorbia fischeriana Steud,Chelidonium majus L.,Agastache rugosa,Cinnamomum cassia,Phellodendron amurense and Solanum nigrum have better resistance.Their inhibitory rate can be up to 70%.The potted test in vivo showed that the extract of E.fischeriana had 70.54% preventive effect and 57.89% curative effect.The extract of C.cassia had good