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The Paleozoic origin of enzymatic lignin decomposition reconstructed from 31 fungal genomes
Authors:Floudas Dimitrios  Binder Manfred  Riley Robert  Barry Kerrie  Blanchette Robert A  Henrissat Bernard  Martínez Angel T  Otillar Robert  Spatafora Joseph W  Yadav Jagjit S  Aerts Andrea  Benoit Isabelle  Boyd Alex  Carlson Alexis  Copeland Alex  Coutinho Pedro M  de Vries Ronald P  Ferreira Patricia  Findley Keisha  Foster Brian  Gaskell Jill  Glotzer Dylan  Górecki Paweł  Heitman Joseph  Hesse Cedar  Hori Chiaki  Igarashi Kiyohiko  Jurgens Joel A  Kallen Nathan  Kersten Phil  Kohler Annegret  Kües Ursula  Kumar T K Arun  Kuo Alan  LaButti Kurt  Larrondo Luis F  Lindquist Erika  Ling Albee  Lombard Vincent  Lucas Susan
Institution:Biology Department, Clark University, Worcester, MA 01610, USA.
Abstract:Wood is a major pool of organic carbon that is highly resistant to decay, owing largely to the presence of lignin. The only organisms capable of substantial lignin decay are white rot fungi in the Agaricomycetes, which also contains non-lignin-degrading brown rot and ectomycorrhizal species. Comparative analyses of 31 fungal genomes (12 generated for this study) suggest that lignin-degrading peroxidases expanded in the lineage leading to the ancestor of the Agaricomycetes, which is reconstructed as a white rot species, and then contracted in parallel lineages leading to brown rot and mycorrhizal species. Molecular clock analyses suggest that the origin of lignin degradation might have coincided with the sharp decrease in the rate of organic carbon burial around the end of the Carboniferous period.
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