大蒜绿变物质提取工艺的初步研究

目的]为进一步研究大蒜绿变色素的结构及其理化性质,有效控制大蒜的绿变现象奠定基础。方法]以浸提液在595 nm处的吸光度为指标,选取有机溶剂种类、提取溶剂浓度作单因素试验,乙醇浓度、料液比、浸提时间作正交试验,研究大蒜绿变物质的提取工艺。结果]乙醇作提取溶剂对大蒜绿变色素的浸提效果最好。大蒜绿变色素的提取效果随乙醇浓度的升高而越来越好,当乙醇浓度为75%时,提取效果最好。在正交试验中,料液比对大蒜绿变色素浸提效果的影响最大,其次分别为浸提时间、乙醇浓度。结论]大蒜绿变色素最好的浸提条件为:75%乙醇,料液比1∶3(g/ml),浸提时间24 h。

Preliminarily Study on the Extraction Technology of Greening Substances from Garlic

Objective] The research aimed to further study the structure of greening pigments in garlic and their physical and chemical prosperities and lay the foundation for controlling the greening phenomenon of garlic effectively.Method] With the absorbency of water extract at 595 nm as index,the kinds of organic solvent and the concn.of extraction solvent were selected to make the single factor experiment and the ethanol concn.And the material-liquid ratio and extraction time were selected to make the orthogonal test to study the extraction technology of greening substance from garlic.Result] The effect of extracting the greening pigments by taking ethanol as extraction solvent was best.The extraction effects of greening pigments in garlic became better and better with the increasing of ethanol concn.When ethanol was 75%,the extraction effect was best.In the orthogonal test,the influence of the material-liquid ratio on the extraction effect of greening pigment from garlic was greatest,followed by extraction time and ethanol concn.Conclusion] The best extraction conditions of greening pigments from garlic were as follows: 75% ethanol,the material-liquid ratio of 1∶3,the extraction time of 24 h.