豇豆荚螟雌雄蛾求偶交配行为及其影响因子研究

通过红外监控系统和野外观察实验研究豇豆荚螟雌雄蛾求偶交配规律及其影响因子.结果表明,豇豆荚螟交配时雌、雄蛾尾部交合在一起呈"一"字形,交配时间一般为75 min.雌雄蛾羽化24 h后性成熟,黄昏入夜时分开始活动,求偶交配大部分发生在夜间21:00～03:00时段内.雌雄蛾求偶高峰期出现在凌晨01:00～02:00时段内,次高峰期出现在22:00～23:00时段内;而交配高峰期出现在凌晨02:00～03:00时段内,次高峰期出现在23:00～00:00时段内.雌雄蛾求偶交配高峰的蛾龄期为4日龄.雌雄蛾求偶交配的最佳性比为1:1.其最适宜求偶交配温度为22℃,补充10%的蜂蜜水能明显促进雌雄蛾的求偶交配,豇豆花挥发物对雌雄蛾的求偶交配行为具有显著的促进作用.

Courtship and Mating Behaviors of the Female and Male Moths of Maruca vitrata(Fabricius) and Their Influential Factors

Courtship and mating of the female and male moths of Maruca vitrata(Fabricius) were observed by using the infrared monitoring in the field. The observations showed that the adult female and male of M. vitrata(Fabricius) formed a 'dash' shape at their abdomen ends when they were mating and that their mating generally lasted for about 75 minutes. The male and female moths sexually matured 24 h after eclosion and began to be active after sunset. The courtship and mating behavior mostly occurred during 21:00pm～03:00 am and all had two peaks: first peak occurring during 01:00 am～02:00 am and 02:00 am～03:00 am, and the secondary peak during 22:00 pm～23:00 pm and 23:00 pm～0:00 am, respectively. At their courtship and mating peaks, the adult females and males were all 4 day old. The optimal sexual ratio of females to males for courtship and mating were all 1:1, and the optimum temperature for courtship and mating was 22℃. Addition of 10% honey water could obviously promote their courtship and mating, and the volatiles of cowpea flowers also facilitated the courtship and mating behavior.